Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) is one of the most common musculoskeletal disorders. However, no consensus on the definition, classification, assessment, diagnosis, or management has been reached. We evaluated symptoms and clinical findings in subgroups of individuals with PFPS, classified on the basis of the findings in radiological examinations and compared the findings with knee-healthy ...

The small airways are defined as those less than 2 mm in diameter. They are a major site of pathology in many lung diseases, not least chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma. The small airways are frequently involved early in the course of these diseases, with significant pathology demonstrable often before the onset of symptoms or changes in spirometry and imaging. Despite the...

Healthcare budgets worldwide are facing increasing pressure to reduce costs and improve efficiency, while maintaining quality. Laboratory testing has not escaped this pressure, particularly since pathology investigations cost the National Health Service £2.5 billion per year. Indeed, the Carter Review, a UK Department of Health-commissioned review of pathology services in England, estimated tha...

OBJECTIVE To analyse the patterns of pathology procedures performed in the private pathology sector in South Africa. To determine what the differences between the individual practices are and to attempt to explain any differences. DESIGN A retrospective analysis of claims from pathology laboratories submitted by electronic interface to a medical aid administrator between January 2003 up to De...

In plant pathology, in particular, and plant science, in general, experiments are often conducted to determine disease and related responses of plants to various treatments. Typically, such data are multivariate, where different variables may be measured on different scales that can be quantitative, ordinal, or mixed. To analyze these data, we propose different nonparametric (rank-based) tests ...

introduction: lymphomas as a group rank seventh as the most leading cause of death in cancers. stomach is the most common extra nodal site of primary lymphomas. on the other hand, new information demonstrates that malt lymphoma responds to helicobacter antibiotic therapy. we therefore decided to determine the frequency of distribution of helicobacter pylori infection in primary gastric lymphoma...

Estimating diagnostic accuracy without a gold standard is an important problem in medical testing. Although there is a fairly large literature on this problem for the case of repeated binary tests, there is substantially less work for the case of ordinal tests. A noted exception is the work by Zhou, Castelluccio, and Zhou (2005, Biometrics 61, 600-609), which proposed a methodology for estimati...