the water extract of trigonella foenum graecum stem and leaves was tested for lethal activity against hymenolepis nana, syphacia obvelata, and moniezia expansa. the plant extract demonstrated good anthelmintic activity in vitro which is directly related to the concentration of the extract used. the extract also prevents the formation of ascaris larvae from the eggs of ascaris lumbrico- ides (hu...

Themechanisms for in vivo production of bonemarrow–derived hepatocytes (BMDHs) remain largely unclear.We investigated whether granulocyte colony–stimulating factor (G-CSF)–mediated mobilization of hematopoietic cells increases the phenomenon. Recurrent liver injury in mice expressing green fluorescent protein (EGFP) in all hematopoietic-derived cells was produced by 3months of carbon tetrachlor...

Checkpoint kinase 1 (Chk1), a serine/threonine protein kinase, is centrally involved in cell-cycle checkpoints and cellular response toDNAdamage. Phosphorylation of Chk1 at 2 Ser/Gln (SQ) sites, Ser-317 and Ser-345, by the upstream kinase ATR is critical for checkpoint activation. However, the precise molecular mechanisms controlling Chk1 phosphorylation and subsequent checkpoint activation are...

Ovarian tumors comprise a heterogeneous group of lesions, displaying distinct tumor pathology and oncogenic potentiel. These tumors are subdivided into three main categories: epithelial, germ cell, and sex-cord stromal tumors. We report herein the newly described molecular abnormalities in epithelial ovarian cancers (carcinomas). Immunohistochemistry and molecular testing help pathologists to d...

The appreciation and interpretation of these findings can only come with experience but the medical student beginning his clinical course must learn as much about their acquisition as the final year student, since these are the building blocks of much of his education. It follows then that an introductory text to clinical skills must at least be complete and not merely serve as a stepping stone...