To investigate whether the log odds of positive lymph nodes (LODDS) system is a more accurate prognostic tool than the number-based (pN) or ratio-based (rN) lymph node staging system in Korean patients with gastric cancer (GC).The LODDS is a recently proposed staging modality in surgical oncology. However, it is unclear whether LODDS is superior to the pN or rN system in terms of predicting the...

OBJECTIVE At present, only the number of metastatic lymph nodes (LNs+) is used for the pN category of AJCC TNM system for colon cancer. Recently, the ratio of metastatic to examined lymph nodes (LNR) has been reported to represent powerful independent predictive capacity in colon cancer. We sought to propose a novel category (nLN) which intergrades LNR and LNs+ into the AJCC staging system for ...

PURPOSE Protease nexin-1 (PN-1), a serpin encoded by the SERPINE2 gene, has serine protease inhibitory activity and neurotrophic properties in the brain. PN-1 inhibits retinal angiogenesis; however, PN-1's neurotrophic capacities in the retina have not yet been evaluated. Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) is a serpin that exhibits neurotrophic and antiangiogenic activities but lacks prot...

UNLABELLED The objective of the study is to evaluate if the administration of glutamine in parenteral nutrition (PN) solution reduces the need for antibiotics, the risk of liver disease and the duration of hospital stay in bone marrow transplantation. MATERIAL AND METHODS Retrospective observational study in 68 adult patients undergoing a bone marrow transplantation who required PN for mucosi...

In both insects and mammals, second-order olfactory neurons receive input from olfactory receptor neurons and relay olfactory input to higher brain centers. In Drosophila, the wiring specificity of these olfactory projection neurons (PNs) is predetermined by their lineage identity and birth order. However, the genetic programs that control this wiring specificity are not well understood. The ce...

The number of bound states of the one-dimensional Schrodinger equation is analyzed in terms of the number of bound states corresponding to \fragments" of the potential. When the potential is integrable and has a nite rst moment, the sharp inequalities 1 n+ Pn j=1Nj N Pn j=1Nj are proved, where n is the number of fragments, N is the total number of bound states, and Nj is the number of bound st...

We consider the space Pn of orthogonal polynomials of degree n on the unit disc for a general radially symmetricweight function.We show that there exists a single orthogonal polynomialwhose rotations through the angles j n+1 , j = 0, 1, . . . , n forms an orthonormal basis for Pn, and compute all such polynomials explicitly. This generalises the orthonormal basis of Logan and Shepp for the Lege...

BACKGROUND We examined the prognostic value of lymph node density in predicting cancer-specific mortality (CSM) for patients with lymph nodes positive (pN+) laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) after laryngectomy. METHODS The records of 156 patients with laryngeal SCC who initially underwent curative resection of the primary tumor combined with neck dissection were reviewed. RESULTS The ...

BACKGROUND We have previously demonstrated that Candida albicans requires multivitamins (MVs) or lipid to increase rapidly in parenteral nutrition (PN) solutions. In this study, in detail, the effects of vitamins on the growth of C. albicans in PN solutions without lipid were investigated. METHODS In the 1st experiment, a commercial PN solution without lipid was supplemented with water-solubl...

The conflation of a finite number of probability distributions P1, . . . , Pn is a consolidation of those distributions into a single probability distribution Q = Q(P1, . . . , Pn), where intuitively Q is the conditional distribution of independent random variables X1, . . . ,Xn with distributions P1, . . . , Pn, respectively, given that X1 = · · · = Xn. Thus, in large classes of distributions ...