Pasture ecosystems may be particularly vulnerable to land degradation due to the high risk of human disturbance (e.g., overgrazing, burning, etc.), especially when compared with natural ecosystems (non-pasture, non-cultivated) where direct human impacts are minimal. Using maximum annual leaf area index (LAImax) as a proxy for standing biomass and peak annual aboveground productivity, we analyze...

The aim of the present study was to compare carbohydrate degradation of forages which store carbohydrates either predominantly as fructan or starch, in horses' hindgut. The effects of an abrupt change from hay-based feeding to green fodder-based feeding on the caecal flora were tested with the in vitro hindgut simulation technique 'Caesitec'. Six trials with different forages (English ryegrass,...

Milk secretion in small ruminants present some particularities for cytoplasmatic particles which are shed the milk together with leukocytes and epithelial cells. Therefore, a parameter like somatic cell count is worldwide used as measurement indicator of subclinical mastitis. The aim study was to establish change chemical microbiological characteristics on composition sheep milk, obtained from ...

Serratia entomophila and Serratia proteamaculans cause amber disease in the grass grub Costelytra zealandica (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), an important pasture pest in New Zealand. Larval disease symptoms include cessation of feeding, clearance of the gut, amber coloration, and eventual death. A 115-kb plasmid, pADAP, identified in S. entomophila is required for disease causation and, when introd...

scientists call pasture a natural eco-system and range is an agricultural eco-system. in this point of view although pasture that was full of plants growing by itself and not growing by human being (pirdashti, 2007; mohgadam, 2005) and two groups of living beings such as human being, plants, domesticated, and not living being like weather, wind, gradient which are effective in making of pasture...

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of herbage allowance on pasture DM consumption by growing European wild boar. An additional objective was to evaluate the influence of pasture consumption on supplemental diet intake and BW gain. A previously sown grass-clover pasture was managed by cutting to obtain an herbage mass equivalent to 1,500 kg/ha DM. Areas of pasture were limite...

To perform at Olympic-caliber competitions, horses must consistently maintain a level of athletic performance that strains their muscular, skeletal, and digestive systems. As the consulting nutritionist to the Australian Equestrian Team, I am primarily concerned with the nutritional challenges of our equine athletes. Much of the equine nutritional research and product development effort is dire...

The aim of the study was to investigate influence anxiety level on feeding behavior sheep. Observations were performed 30 Świniarka sheep kept under uniform environmental conditions in a combined indoor-pasture management system. grazing animals recorded (from 6:00 am 8:00 pm) for one month during season. Additionally, when human (in daily routine) or dog herding training) appeared pasture, dis...

Vegetation, seed rain, seed germination, microclimate, and soil physical and chemical parameters were measured in a recently abandoned pasture and adjacent primary rain forest in southern Costa Rica. The goal of this study was to assess the importance of these factors in limiting forest regeneration in abandoned pastures. Seed rain of animal dispersed species decreased dramatically in the pastu...

During the last several decades, new milking management systems have been introduced, of which development of automatic milking (AM) systems is a significant step forward. In Europe, AM has become an established management system and has shown to be much more than milking management. Factors such as milking, milk quality, feeding, cow traffic, grazing, and animal behavior are essential elements...