background and aim: parents’ evaluation of aural/oral performance of children (peach) questionnaire is used for children within any age group and any amount of hearing loss. the pur­pose of this study was translation, cultural adap­tation, determination of reliability and validity of the questionnaire, and assessment of its scores in children with cochlear implant versus normal group. methods: ...

the current research analyzed and combined the results of research on the effect of family education in parenting using meta-analysis method. among 26 studies about family education 20 were selected, for meta-analysis study in terms of different parts of research methodology such as research and hypotheses questions, statistic society, sampling, and research method, instruments statistical meth...

Objectives: There are various developmental screening tools that are different in terms of psychometric characteristics and choosing the best one is challenging for the pediatrician. This research was designed to identify the validity and reliability of Parents Evaluation of Developmental Status, a developmental screening questionnaire, in 4-60 months-old children in the city of Tehran. Meth...

In developed nations, approximately half of household environments contain pets. Studies of Human-Animal Interaction (HAI) have proposed that there are health benefits and risks associated with pet ownership. However, accurately demonstrating and understanding these relationships first requires a better knowledge of factors associated with ownership of different pet types. A UK birth cohort, th...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of prenatal exposure to lead, cadmium and mercury levels on the secondary sex ratio. Whole blood samples were collected from pregnant women enrolled in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) study at a median gestational age of 11 weeks and were analyzed for lead, cadmium and mercury. Regression analysis was used to identify...

BACKGROUND Breast-feeding rates in the UK are known to vary by maternal socio-economic status but the latter function is imperfectly defined. We test if CTVB (Council Tax Valuation Band - a categorical assessment of UK property values and amenities governing local tax levies) of maternal address predicts, in a large UK regional sample of births, (a) breast-feeding (b) personal and socio-economi...

BACKGROUND The association between childhood exposure to lead (Pb) and deficits in cognitive function is well established. The association with prenatal exposure, however, is not well understood, even though the potential adverse effects are equally important. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the association between low prenatal exposure to lead and IQ in children, to determine whether there were sex d...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the prospective associations between dietary patterns in childhood and CVD risk in adolescence. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. Exposures were dietary patterns at age 7, 10 and 13 years derived by cluster analysis. Outcomes were physiological and biochemical cardiovascular risk markers. SETTING Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC), UK. SUBJECT...