Aberration during the development of the central nervous system (CNS) due to environmental factors underlies a variety of adverse developmental outcomes. Paraquat (PQ) is a widely studied neurotoxicant that perturbs the normal structure/function of adult CNS. Yet, the impacts of PQ exposure on the developing CNS remain unclear. miRNAs represent a class of small non-coding RNA molecules involved...

When properly used, paraquat (PQ) is a widely used bipyridil herbicide with a good safety record. Most cases of PQ poisoning result from intentional ingestion, with death resulting from hypoxemia secondary to lung fibrosis in moderate to severe poisonings. With high ingestion volumes (>50 mL of a 20% wt/vol formulation), death results from multiple organ failure and cardiovascular collapse with...

Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is an antioxidant-activated transcription factor that recently emerged as a critical regulator of cellular defense against oxidative and inflammatory lesions. Resveratrol (Res) is a natural phytoalexin that exhibits multiple therapeutic potentials, including antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects in animals. Paraquat (PQ) is the second mos...

BACKGROUND To evaluate the efficacy of combined treatment with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) transplantation and methylprednisolone (MP) to treat paraquat (PQ)-induced acute lung injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 102 female rats were randomly divided into five groups: PQ, BMSC, MP, BMSC + MP and normal control. After 14 days of PQ poisoning, the survival of rats, wet/dry wei...

BACKGROUND Paraquat (PQ) is a non-selective and fast-acting contact herbicide which has been widely used in developing countries. Hyperamylasemia was reported in patients with PQ poisoning. This study investigated the predictive value and clinical characteristics of hyperamylasemia in patients with PQ poisoning. MATERIAL AND METHODS This study included 87 patients with acute PQ poisoning admitt...

Acute paraquat (PQ) poisoning is one of the most common forms of pesticide poisoning. Oxidative stress and inflammation are thought to be important mechanisms in PQ-induced acute lung injury (ALI). Selenium (Se) can scavenge intracellular free radicals directly or indirectly. In this study, we investigated whether porous Se@SiO2 nanospheres could alleviate oxidative stress and inflammation in P...

Paraquat (PQ; a widely used herbicide) exerts its harmful effect to human, mammals and microorganisms upon intracellular conversion to superoxide radical. Cellular responses against toxic paraquat remain not fully understood, especially on the adaptive metabolic changes as a consequence of oxidative burden. In this study, alterations of metabolic processes of Escherichia coli (E. coli) by paraq...

Paraquat (PQ) is a commonly used herbicide that induces oxidative stress via reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. This study aimed to investigate the effects of the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC) against PQ-induced oxidative stress in mice. Male Balb/C mice (24) were randomly divided into 4 groups and treated for 3 weeks: 1) control (saline), 2) NAC (0.5% in diet), 3) PQ (20 mg/kg, IP)...

To conduct a kinetic study of paraquat (PQ), we investigated 9 patients with acute PQ intoxication. All of them ingested more than 20 ml of undiluted PQ herbicide to commit suicide and arrived at our hospital early, not later than 7 h after PQ ingestion. The urine dithionite test for PQ in all of the nine patients was strongly positive at emergency room. Blood samples were obtained every 30 min...

Compelling evidences have shown that diverse environmental insults arising during early life can either directly lead to a reduction in the number of dopaminergic neurons or cause an increased susceptibility to neurons degeneration with subsequent environmental insults or with aging alone. Oxidative stress is considered the main effect of neurotoxins exposure. In this study, we investigated the...