Central neurogenic diabetes insipidus, syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone, and cerebral salt-wasting syndrome are secondary events that affect patients with traumatic brain injury. All 3 syndromes affect both sodium and water balance; however, they have differences in pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment. Differentiating between hypernatremia (central neurogenic di...

A tick-bite associated rash with later neurological manifestations, including pa­ ralysis and meningitis, had been docu­ mented in Europe for several years before Lyme arthritis was recognized in the 1970s.-4 The illness was later understood to be part of a multisysrem disease caused by spirochetae and transmitted by Ixodes ticks. . " Borrelia burgdorferi, although initially thought to be a sin...

Neuroendocrine tumours may be either benign or malignant tumours, and have the ability to synthesise and secrete biologically active substances characteristic of the cell of origin that can cause distinct clinical syndromes. The term 'paraneoplastic syndromes' (PNSs) is used to denote syndromes secondary to substances secreted from tumours not related to their specific organ or tissue of origin...

Enterovirus 71 (EV71) causes epidemics of hand, foot, and mouth disease associated with neurological complications in young children. We report an outbreak of EV71-associated neurological disease that occurred from February through September 1999 in Perth, Western Australia. Fourteen children with culture-proven, EV71-induced neurological disease were identified. Nine patients (64%) developed s...

The primary pathological mechanism for paraneoplastic neurological syndromes is believed to be a form of onconeural immunity where the cancer causes a cross-immune reaction with the neurons. In a previous study, using a proteomic approach, we detected an anti-brain-type creatine kinase antibody that was associated with paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration. Using immunohistochemistry, we showe...

Introduction. Paraneoplastic syndromes represent rare symptom complexes resulting from the ability of tumour cells to disrupt the homeostatic processes of various bodily systems. Here we present two cases to demonstrate how such tumours may evade detection even after extensive investigation and how even relatively benign tumours can produce severe neurological symptoms. Case 1. A 69-year-old fe...

Correspondence to: Dr A Z J Zeman, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK; [email protected]. ac.uk _________________________ A ll illness has both psychological and physical dimensions. This may seem a startling claim, but on reflection it is uncontroversial. Diseases don’t come to doctors, patients do—and the processes by which patients...

Correspondence to: Dr J N Day, Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, The Hospital for Tropical Diseases, 190 Ben Ham Tu, Quan 5, Ho Chi Minh City, VietNam; [email protected] _________________________ I n 2001 there were 58 million overseas trips made by UK residents, and over 22 million people visited the UK from abroad. As the relative cost of air travel falls, holidays in exotic de...

BACKGROUND The way the municipal transport drivers perform their job contributes to varied burdens linked with the body posture at work, stress, shift work, vibration, noise and exposure to chemical agents. The aim of the study was to assess the condition of the nervous system (NS) in municipal transport drivers. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study covered 42 men, aged 43.4 years (standard deviati...

Antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) have been most strongly associated with a syndrome (APS) characterized by venous and/or arterial thrombosis, thrombocytopenia, recurrent fetal losses and a variety of non-thrombotic and thrombotic neurological disorders. Cerebral ischemia associated with aPL is the most common arterial thrombotic manifestation. Other neurological syndromes, such as cognitive dy...