Toluene is a commonly abused inhalant. Its neurobiological effects are, at least in part, mediated by gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA(A)) receptors. Since GABA(A) receptor function is critical during brain development, the long-term effects of toluene exposure during brain growth spurt were investigated. Spargue-Dawley male rats were administered with toluene (500 mg/kg, i.p.) on postnatal day (P...

A simple method for the simultaneous determination of hippuric acid and benzoic acid in urine using reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography was described. Chromatography was performed on a Nova-Pak C18 (3.9 x 150 mm) column with a mobile phase of mixed solution methanol: water: acetic acid (20:80:0.2) and UV detection at 254 nm. The calibration curve was linear within concentratio...

Objective. The aim of this study was to determine the protective effect p-coumaric acid (p-CA) against toluene-induced hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity and neurotoxicity in rats. Materials methods. A total 32 Sprague-Dawley male rats, 8 each group, were used. 4 groups formed as control, toluene, p-CA toluene+p-CA. Animals control toluene group given 0.9% NaCl, 0.9 mg/kg b.w 100 orally for 21 days...

In the present study, the effect of various nanofluids on mass transfer coefficients in an irregular packed liquid-liquid extraction column was investigated. The chemical system of toluene–acetic acid–water was used. 10 nm SiO2, TiO2 and ZrO2 nanoparticles with various concentrations were dispersed in toluene-acid acetic to provide nanofluids. The influence of concentration and hydrophobicity/h...

Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) was purchased from Fermentas Inc. (Vilnius, Lithuania). 2,2'-amino-di(2-ethyl-benzothiazoline sulphonic acid-6) ammonium salt (ABTS2-), deoxyadenosine triphosphate (dATP), deoxythymidine triphosphate (dTTP), deoxyguanosine triphosphate (dGTP), the oligonucleotide, SYBR Green II and 2-(4-morpholino) ethanesulfonic acid (MES) were obtained from Sangon (...

BACKGROUND Toluene, formerly known as toluol, is an aromatic hydrocarbon that is widely used as an industrial feedstock and as a solvent. Like other solvents, toluene is sometimes also used as an inhalant drug for its intoxicating properties. It has potential to cause multiple effects in the body including death. CASE REPORT I report a case of a 27-year-old male, chronic spray paint sniffer, ...

The chemical nature of the important new chromogen ABTS [2,2'-azino-di-(3-ethyl-benzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid)] is described together with an account of the redox and spectroscopic properties of the system ABTS--H2O2--peroxidase. Keq. is calculated and a study of the steady-state kinetics over a whole range of substrate concentrations is reported. By using novel methods of kinetic analysis, a...