Oral exposure to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 results in systemic infection, but many details surrounding virus transmission remain unresolved. We developed a mucosal model, using human palatine tonsil with intact external epithelium, to study events after oral exposure to HIV. When applied to the external epithelium, semen from an HIV-seropositive patient and cell-free virus both ...

BACKGROUND The most common cause of pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is adenotonsillar hypertrophy. As such, palatine tonsillectomy with or without adenoidectomy is the first-line treatment for OSA, which can significantly improve the sleep and behavioral disturbances associated with OSA in the majority of patients. However, even after adenotonsillectomy, a reported 20% to 40% of patient...

Tonsilloliths, calcifications within a tonsillar crypt, involve primarily the palatine tonsil. Tonsilloliths are not uncommon, but they tend to be microscopic. Weller reported that during routine histologic examination of excised tonsils, microscopic tonsilloliths were found in 8% of the specimens. Macroscopic calculi, whose size varied from barely visible to pea size, represent an intermediate...

Introduction: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), defined as an inflammatory process involving the paranasal sinuses that continues for at least three months, is a major cause of morbidity in the pediatric population and a difficult entity to treat with a poorly defined pathophysiology. The cornerstone of treatment for children with CRS remains aggressive antibiotic therapy, but many patients fail t...

The aim of this study is to compare objectively advantages and disadvantages of cold technique tonsillectomy and thermal welding tonsillectomy at the same case. A total of 100 patients, 53 patients younger than 12 years of age and 47 patients elder than 12 years of age, were included in this study. Tonsillectomy was performed by using cold technique on the right side of the palatine tonsils and...

Two years ago John was brought to the Psychological Clinic for examination because of suspected feeblemindedness. He was at that time seven years old and in the first grade of school where he had been doing very poor work for nearly two years. His absences were few, and his conduct was reported by his mother and teacher to be good. He played with other children of his own age, and "got along" v...

The purpose of this study was to clarify the relationship between lip seal and malocclusion in Japanese children. Fifty-three patients aged 7 to 14 years (mean 10.24 +/- 1.93) were selected randomly, and compared with 20 subjects with normal occlusion aged 7 to 14 years (mean 10.50 +/- 2.56). The subjects were divided into a good lip seal group and poor lip seal group by observing the distance ...