Turkey's (1953, The Problem of Multiple Comparisons, unpublished report, Princeton University) procedure is widely used for pairwise multiple comparisons in one-way ANOVA. It provides exact simultaneous pairwise confidence intervals (SPCI) for balanced designs and conservative SPCI for unbalanced designs. In this paper, we will extend Turkey's procedure to two-way unbalanced designs. Both the e...

A statistical experiment was designed to check if the pairwise comparisons method, which was introduced by Fechner in 1860 and developed by Thurstone in 1927, improves the accuracy of estimation of stimuli. The experiment has been designed and implemented to minimize statistical bias. The accuracy improvement by the pairwise comparisons method (when compared with the direct rating method) is de...

Pairwise comparisons are an important tool of modern (multiple criteria) decision making. Since human judgments are often inconsistent, many studies focused on the ways how to express and measure this inconsistency, and several inconsistency indices were proposed as an alternative to Saaty’s inconsistency index and inconsistency ratio for reciprocal pairwise comparisons matrices. This paper aim...

This study uses three types of pairwise comparisons algorithm which are horizontal vertical and oblique to construct Multi-Criteria Decision Making with Incomplete Linguistic Preference Relations Model. The use of pairwise comparisons will not produce the problem of inconsistency, which even allows every decision expert to choose an explicit criterion or alternative for index unrestrictedly. Wh...

SUMMARY Pairwise comparisons of disagreement in phylogenetic datasets offer a powerful tool for isolating historical incongruence for closer analysis. Statistically significant phylogenetic character incongruence may reflect important differences in evolutionary history, such as horizontal gene transfer. Such testing can also be used to specify possible combinations of datasets for further phyl...