The temporal association between oxidative stress and the hallmark pathologies of Alzheimer disease (AD) demonstrates that oxidative stress is among the earliest events in the disease. Nonetheless, neither the consequences of oxidative stress nor how oxidative stress relates to other pathological features of the disease are clear at this point. To begin to address these issues, we investigated ...

Hemodynamic abnormalities are important in the pathogenesis of the excess mesangial matrix deposition of diabetic and other glomerulopathies. p38-Mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase, an important intracellular signaling molecule, is activated in the glomeruli of diabetic rats. We studied, in human mesangial cells, the effect of stretch on p38 MAP kinase activation and the role of p38 MAP kin...

To investigate the effects and mechanisms of Dexmedetomidine on inflammatory factors mitogenactivated protein kinase related signaling pathways in alveolar lavage fluid mice with acute lung injury induced by lipopolysaccharide. 36 clean-grade male Kunming were randomly divided into blank control group (normal group), lipopolysaccharide-induced model group, lipopolysaccharide+dexmedetomidine 12 ...

Gaucher's disease is caused by defects in acid β-glucosidase 1 (GBA1) and has been also proposed as an inflammatory disease. GBA1 cleaves glucosylceramide to form ceramide, an established bioactive lipid, and defects in GBA1 lead to aberrant accumulation in glucosylceramide and insufficient formation of ceramide. We investigated if the pro-inflammatory kinase p38 is activated in Gaucher's disea...

p38 MAPK and nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) signaling pathways have been implicated in the control of skeletal myogenesis. However, although p38 is recognized as a potent activator of myoblast differentiation, the role of NF-kappaB remains controversial. Here, we show that p38 is activated only in differentiating myocytes, whereas NF-kappaB activity is present both in proliferation and diffe...

Distraction osteogenesis (DO) is a widely used self-tissue engineering. However, complications and discomfort due to the long treatment period are still the bottleneck of DO. Novel strategies to accelerate bone formation in DO are still needed. P38 is capable of regulating the osteogenic differentiation of both mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and osteoblasts, which are crucial to bone regeneratio...

RATIONALE Activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) has a significant impact on cardiac gene expression, contractility, extracellular matrix remodeling, and inflammatory response in heart. The p38 kinase pathway also has a controversial role in cardiac hypertrophy. MAPK-activated protein kinase-2 (MK2) is a well-established p38 downstream kinase, yet its contribution to p38-medi...

OBJECTIVE The mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase system, especially the p38 MAP kinase, is activated in chronic heart failure (CHF). However, the role of vascular p38 MAP kinase in CHF has not been analyzed yet. METHODS AND RESULTS In aortic rings from rats with CHF 10 weeks after myocardial infarction, acetylcholine-induced relaxation was attenuated (maximum relaxation, Rmax: 54+/-5%) co...

Evidence suggests that p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation influences cardiac function on an acute basis. The characterization and mechanisms by which this occurs were investigated in the present study. Adult rat ventricular myocytes treated with 1 mM arsenite for 30 min had a 16-fold increase in p38 MAPK phosphorylation that was attenuated by SB-203580 (a p38 MAPK inhibitor)...

Aldosterone-induced myocyte apoptosis is an important component of cardiovascular disease. While the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) pathway has been shown to be crucial in myocyte apoptosis, whether aldosterone induces myocyte apoptosis through this pathway remains unclear. In the present study, three individual strands of p38 MAPK short hairpin RNA (ShRNA), delivered by lentiv...