BACKGROUND Immunotherapeutic approaches, such as dendritic cell (DC) vaccination, have emerged as promising strategies in the treatment of glioblastoma. Despite their promise, however, the absence of objective biomarkers and/or immunological monitoring techniques to assess the clinical efficacy of immunotherapy still remains a primary limitation. To address this, we sought to identify a functio...

1 PART 1: Multiple Choice Questions: 1) A study was conducted to compare five different training programs for improving endurance. Forty subjects were randomly divided into five groups of eight subjects in each group. A different training program was assigned to each group. After 2 months, the improvement in endurance was recorded for each subject. A one-way ANOVA is used to compare the five tr...

The purpose of this pilot study was to compare differences in motor recovery between regular rehabilitation (REG), and regular rehabilitation with supported treadmill ambulation training (STAT) using the performance on a bicycle exercise test and the locomotor scale of the Functional Independence Measure (FIM-L). Twelve patients with acute strokes were randomly assigned to either REG or STAT fo...

Part of being a good analyst and statistician is being able to understand the output of a statistical test in SAS ® . Pvalues are ubiquitous in statistical output as well as medical literature and can be the deciding factor in whether a paper gets published. This shows a somewhat dictatorial side of them. But do we really know what they mean? In a democratic process, people vote for another per...

To determine whether alpha-stat or pH-stat strategy should be used, 20 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting during moderate hypothermic hemodilutional cardiopulmonary bypass were studied. The carbon dioxide management during bypass was randomly done according to alpha-stat strategy in 10 patients (i.e., temperature-uncorrected PaCO2 was kept near 40 mm Hg and uncorrected pHa was ...

To determine heat-shock protein (Hsp)90 expression is connected with cellular apoptotic response to heat stress and its mechanism, chicken (Gallus gallus) primary myocardial cells were treated with the Hsp90 promoter, aspirin, and its inhibitor, geldanamycin (GA), before heat stress. Cellular viability, heat-stressed apoptosis and reactive oxygen species level under different treatments were me...

Background: Family holds an important role in the care of patient’s health against a disease or illness. The majority pulmonary TB (tuberculosis) patients have poor social support systems and compliance. Problems with impact on families family unpreparedness, lack knowledge about tuberculosis, discrimination (stigma) are some factors that need to be considered. resilience model improve complian...

We consider inference on a vector-valued parameter of interest in a linear exponential family, in the presence of a finite-dimensional nuisance parameter. Based on higher order asymptotic theory for likelihood, we propose a directional test whose p-value is computed using one-dimensional integration. For discrete responses this extends the development of Davison et al. (2006), and some of our e...

OBJECTIVE—Exposure of -cells to inflammatory cytokines leads to apoptotic cell death through the activation of gene networks under the control of specific transcription factors, such as interferon–induced signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)-1. We previously demonstrated that -cells lacking STAT-1 are resistant to cytokine-induced cell death in vitro. The aim of this study wa...