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While unphysiologically large cholesterol doses are known to reduce percent cholesterol absorption, smaller amounts are reported to have no effect in human subjects. To determine the dose;-response relation between dietary cholesterol consumed and the efficiency of intestinal cholesterol absorption, we fed 18 normal subjects two test meals containing different amounts of natural cholesterol. In...

Intestinal calcium absorption assessed by a double-isotope method, decreased significantly with aging in 94 normal subjects (r = -0.22, P < 0.025). In 52 untreated patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis, calcium absorption was significantly lower than normal when either age or habitual calcium intake was used as a covariable (P < 0.001). Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OH-D) and 1,25-dihydroxy...

Infrared spectra at 1.9-2.5 μm and narrowband photometry of three low-mass objects, DENIS-P J0205.4–1159, J1058.7–1547, and J1228.2–1547, are presented. As shown previously by Delfosse et al. (1997, A&A, 327, L25), DENIS-P J0205.4–1159 shows an absorption feature at 2.2 μm. We attribute this absorption to H2. A simple two-parameter analysis of the K-band spectrum of low-mass objects is presente...

Intestinal calcium (Ca) absorption was measured under noninvasive conditions in both normally cycling and ovariectomized rats by determining the decrease in 47Ca/47Sc ratio between diet and feces. In 32-wk-old rats fed a 1.4% Ca diet, both fractional and total intestinal Ca absorption varied during the estrous cycle (p < 0.03), being highest during estrus and lowest during the second day of die...

Shaoyao-Gancao (Paeoniae Radix Alba and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) is a traditional Chinese drug pair widely used in decoctions for relieving pains, especially abdominal pain. We aimed to determine the intestinal absorption and interaction of three active compounds (glycyrrhizic acid, liquiritin, and paeoniflorin) in this drug pair. We investigated the transport of these compounds across in...

OBJECTIVE The study tested the hypothesis that inclusion of palm olein (45% of fat) in the fat blend of a milk-based infant formula decreases the absorption of fat and calcium. METHODS Formula PO contained palm olein (45%) in addition to soy, coconut and high-oleic sunflower oils (20%, 20%, and 15%, respectively); Formula HOS contained high-oleic safflower oil (42%) in addition to coconut and...

BACKGROUND In sub-Saharan Africa, parasitic diseases and low bioavailable iron intake are major causes of anemia. Anemia results from inflammation, preventing iron recycling and decreasing dietary iron absorption. Hookworm, Plasmodium, and Schistosoma infections contribute to anemia, but their influence on dietary iron absorption and recycling is unknown. OBJECTIVE The objective was to measur...

The thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle (THAL) plays an important role in the regulation of NaCl and water reabsorption. In vivo studies have shown that the free radical superoxide (O) stimulates Na and water reabsorption by the kidney. However, it is not known whether O regulates transport along the nephron in general or in the THAL specifically. We hypothesized that O stimulates THAL Na...

The effect of discrete esters and ester mixtures on the intestinal stability and absorption of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (tenofovir DF, an esterase-sensitive prodrug of the antiviral tenofovir) was compared with the effect of strawberry extract, which has been shown to enhance the absorption of the prodrug across Caco-2 monolayers and in rat ileum. In addition, the mechanism of absorption e...