Neonatal high-oxygen exposure leads to elevated blood pressure, microvascular rarefaction, vascular dysfunction and arterial (aorta) rigidity in adult rats. Whether structural changes are present in the matrix of aorta wall is unknown. Considering that elastin synthesis peaks in late fetal life in humans, and early postnatal life in rodents, we postulated that transient neonatal high-oxygen exp...

the balance between reactive oxygen species production and antioxidant activity has an important role in oxidative stress associated diseases including coronary artery disease. in this study, the prooxidant-antioxidant balance (pab) and its correlations with serum lipid levels, uric acid levels, and severity of coronary artery involvement were examined. the aim of this study was to determine th...

The paper presents an approach of the Bond Graph modelling applied to thermo-chemical processes. The proposed work focused on combustion process kinetics with respect to reactant and reactor input data. The model provides information on the time variation of the heat of reaction, reaction products concentration, and reactants concentration / accumulation, based on global mass and energy balance...

Although energetics is fundamental to animal ecology, traditional methods of determining metabolic rate are neither direct nor instantaneous. Recently, continuous blood oxygen (O2) measurements were used to assess energy expenditure in diving elephant seals (Mirounga angustirostris), demonstrating that an exceptional hypoxemic tolerance and exquisite management of blood O2 stores underlie the e...

Quantification of costs associated with foraging contributes to understanding the energetic impact that changes in prey availability have on the energy balance of an animal and the fitness of populations. However, estimating the costs of foraging is difficult for breath-hold divers, such as Steller sea lions, that feed underwater. We developed models parameterized with data from free-diving cap...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE This study investigated whether the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor NG-nitro-L-arginine-methyl ester (L-NAME) would alter blood flow and oxygen balance in the ischemic cerebrocortex of isoflurane-anesthetized Long-Evans rats. METHODS Fifteen minutes after middle cerebral artery occlusion, L-NAME (1.5 mg/min per kilogram) was infused intravenously to the L-NAME group (n ...

Flux balance analysis (FBA) determines theoretical capabilities of metabolic networks using only stoichiometry and fundamental physiochemical capacity constraints. Metabolic networks reconstructed from annotated genome and literature. Capacity constraints include maximum uptake rates of oxygen and substrates such as glucose, acetate, and lactose. FBA determines optimal flux distribution for giv...

Brooding in invertebrates serves to protect embryos from stressful external conditions by retaining progeny inside the female body, effectively reducing the risk of pelagic stages being exposed to predation or other environmental stressors, but with accompanying changes in pallial fluid characteristics, including reduced oxygen availability. Brooded embryos are usually immobile and often encaps...

The solar H Lyman-a line is, through O2 photodissociation, an important source of O( D) production throughout the mesosphere and lower thermosphere. To ascertain the energy balance in this altitude region, it is necessary to know the O(D) yield across the solar H Lyman-a feature, since H Lyman-a absorption by O2 at ;80 km accounts for a substantial fraction of the solar radiation absorbed in th...