Responses in unidirectional mixed leukocyte cultures of CBA, C3H/He, A, C57BL/6, and DBA/2 spleen cells to stimulator spleen cells derived from normal AKR mice and from AKR mice bearing a long-passage lymphoblastic leukemia (LAKR) were compared. Thymidine and uridine uptake by allogeneic cells (responder cells) cultured with either mitomycin C treated or X-irradiated LAKR cells (stimulator cell...

Responses in unidirectional mixed leukocyte cultures of CBA, C3H/He, A, C57BL/6, and DBA/2 spleen cells to stimulator spleen cells derived from normal AKR mice and from AKR mice bearing a long-passage lymphoblastic leukemia (LAKR) were compared. Thymidine and uridine uptake by allogeneic cells (responder cells) cultured with either mitomycin C treated or X-irradiated LAKR cells (stimulator cell...

Electrical stimulation is used for example to treat neuronal disorders and depression with deep brain stimulation or transcranial electrical stimulation. Depending on the application, different electrodes are used and thus different electrical characteristics exist, which have to be handled by the stimulator. Without a measuring device the user would have to rely on the stimulator being able to...

Spinal cord stimulation is an effective adjunct to the treatment of a variety of chronic pain syndromes. Complications are relatively low in morbidity and are most often secondary to hardware malfunction/malposition. Infection and undesired dysesthesias represent only a minority of complications. Neuropathic orchalgia and scrotalgia after placement of epidural spinal cord stimulator is a previo...

This issue of the European Respiratory Journal includes the results of three different studies of riociguat, a soluble guanylate cyclase stimulator, for the treatment of pulmonary hypertension [1–3]. As the first drug in a novel class for the treatment of pulmonary hypertension, riociguat has raised hopes of an expanded drug armamentarium against the still incurable diseases of pulmonary arteri...

Inducible co-stimulator (ICOS), a member of the CD28 coreceptor family, is costimulatory immune checkpoint receptor expressed on activated T-cells. Its ligand, ICOS ligand (ICOSL), antigen-presenting cells such as B cells. The ICOS-ICOSL axis plays an essential role in survival memory and effector T-cells responses, engagement by ICOSL induces proliferation, survival, cytokine production. Altho...

background: the prevalence of polycystic ovarian syndrome (pcos) particularly is increased in adolescents. very few longitudinal follow-up for assessment of ovarian reserve in women of late reproductive age with previously confirmed pcos have been conducted, especially after its diagnosis and treatment in adolescence. objective: the aim of the present study was to compare of the ovarian reserve...

A novel partially implantable system for correction of foot drop has been developed and is being tested in three volunteer subjects. The system consists of a two-channel implantable stimulator, a multi-polar nerve cuff electrode implanted on the peroneal nerve proximal to the knee, and an external system including battery, control and telemetry unit and a heel switch. Although the work is still...