Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is clinically used as an autologous blood product to stimulate bone formation in vivo. In the present study, we examined the effects of PRP on proliferation and osteoblast differentiation in vitro in the presence of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs). PRP and its soluble fraction stimulated osteoblastic differentiation of myoblasts and osteoblastic cells in the presen...

18F-Fluciclovine (trans-1-amino-3-18F-fluorocyclobutanecarboxylic acid; anti-18F-FACBC) is a positron emission tomography (PET) tracer for diagnosing cancers (e.g., prostate and breast cancer). The most frequent metastatic organ of these cancers is bone. Fluciclovine-PET can visualize bony lesions in clinical practice; however, such lesions have not been described histologically. Methods: We in...

Human prostate cancer has a high predisposition to metastasize to bone, resulting in the formation of osteoblastic metastases. The mechanism through which prostate cancer cells promote osteoblastic lesions is undefined. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has been implicated as a mediator of osteoblast activity. In the present study, we examined if prostate cancer cells promote osteoblast...

A case of osteosarcoma in pelvic bone following radiation therapy for prostate cancer is reported. A 74-year-old patient was diagnosed with prostate cancer 10 years ago and started on the endocrine therapy with LH-RH agonist. He had no apparent distant metastasis, and received radiation therapy 8 years ago. He has complained of low back pain since several months ago. A high uptake on bone scint...

Osteopoikilosis (OPK) is a very rare and primarily benign autosomal dominant disorder of unknown etiology. Genetic studies showed heterozygous mutations of the LEMD3 gene. It is characterised by the occurrence of hyperostotic spots throughout the skeleton, with the most frequent localizations in the epiphyses and metaphyses of long bones, as well as in the carpal and tarsal bones. The clinical ...

Skeletal involvement is the second most common site of metastases after lymph nodal metastases in patients with prostate cancer. The skeletal metastases from prostate cancer are osteoblastic in nature and show increased tracer avidity on the bone scan. Focal tracer avid lesion in skeleton especially in skull requires the careful examination by further investigation. The patients with skull meta...

Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common nonhematologic malignancy of bone in children and adults. Although dysregulation of tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes, such as Rb, p53, and the genes critical to cell cycle control, genetic stability, and apoptosis have been identified in OS, consensus genetic changes that lead to OS development are poorly understood. Disruption of the osteogenic differen...

Sarcomatoid carcinoma is a rare malignant tumor that has both malignant epithelial and mesenchymal components. We describe a sarcomatoid carcinoma arising in the right renal pelvis of a 68-year-old man. The dominant component of the tumor was osteosarcomatous, but there were also focal carcinomatous areas. The sarcomatous tumor cells produced abundant osteoid matrix surrounded by osteoblastic c...

ogy. For example, how is expression of ephrinB2 and EphB4 regulated? Is their expression regulated by systemic factors or local factors that modulate bone remodeling? What is their relationship to common signaling pathways and other important genes involved in osteoclast and osteoblast differentiation? What is their relationship to the other molecular mechanisms proposed for coupling, including...

Multiple myeloma - a neoplastic proliferation of plasma cell is the second most common blood cancer. Multiple myeloma is characterized by neoplastic proliferation of the plasma cells. These cells infiltrate variety of organs. Infiltration by immature neoplastic cells and overproduction of monoclonal immunoglobulin chain is responsible for clinical manifestations of multiple myeloma. The most co...