Reputation systems could help consumers avoid transaction risk by providing historical consumers’ feedback. But, traditional reputation systems are vulnerable to the rating manipulation. It will undermine the trustworthiness of the reputation systems and users’ satisfaction will be lost. To address the issue, this study uses the real-world rating data from two travel website: Tripadvisor.com an...

reformism discourse was organized according to a set of non- homogeneous theories and because it was a combination of traditional teachings of islam and teachings of modern liberalism simultaneously, it didn’t have any theoretical integrity. immediate integration of reformers during the election was dues to a historical necessity of opposition against conservatisms, candidate who considered him...

Phenomena considered to be miracles have been present in human culture since its origins. There have been astronomical, meteorological, and biological occurrences, and they have attracted the attention of ordinary people, artists, and thinkers. Each of these groups has tried to explain the curious phenomena or to express amazement in its own way: by means of piety or fear, creating artistic mas...

as the achievement and an invaluable index of the iranian culture, ayvan (known also as eyvan) has been the subject of many pieces of research by architects, archaeologists and art historians for almost a century. although it is a conventional space for the researchers, ayvan is widely unknown and neglected. to be recognized as it deserves and to understand its origin, shape, concept, and funct...

The location of facilities anywhere in an area in which several competing facilities already exist and serving the demand points has been brought to light in this work. Because of the great importance of health care systems in the health of the people, these systems have been studied in the present paper. Creation and maintenance of competitive advantage in health care systems requires optimizi...