When studying Imam Ali’s role in spreading science and prophetic tradition, one faces the questions: how has scientific growth been carried out in Islamic countries during the first century and how have religious sciences been transferred to these countries and cities? Who have been those effective in this process and what has been Ali`s part in it and how has it been played? As has been truly ...

With his speeches and messages in hajj days, Imam Khomeini tried to introduce Islamic Awakening as the spirit of war against colonization and global arrogance and attract Muslims' attention to political and social functions of hajj to offer Muslims dignity and inspire them to start an Islamic movement. In his opinion, hajj is an atmosphere to gain knowledge about Islam and to enlighten people a...

Ansar was of the main elements of Muslims and the power levers in the early days of Islam. They joined Imam Ali (AS) in the aftermath of Saqifa and assisted him in the major events of that time. However; some of the Ansars, including Bashir bin Saad Khazraji and his son Nouman bin Bashir, governor of Kufa on the eve of Imam Hussein’s uprising, took a different position. This study investigates ...

Development is one of the most important concepts for countries, especially for developing countries in the Third World. Southeast Asian countries are among the countries that, as development-oriented states, could achieve an optimal and high development by adopting appropriate political-economic policies. Malaysia, especially from the time of the Prime Minister Mahatyr Muhammad, was able to ac...

abstract target-oriented approaches to translation studies are regarded as recent theories of translation. one of the most famous theories among these approaches is descriptive translation studies presented by toury (1995). this theory gives a new dimension to translation studies and gives importance to the descriptive rather than prescriptive studies. it also identifies three sets of transla...