The objective of this study is to draw upon the Orients’ skewed representation perpetuated and disseminated by Khaled Hosseini in his Anglophone fiction Kite Runner A Thousand Splendid Suns under framework Re-orientalism. Re-orientalism extends itself as a concept where Oriental author propagates literature mystifying East barbaric uncivilized turn validating hypothesis suppress rule Orient. Th...

When British travelers visited Kurdish regions in the first half of twentieth century they recorded their memories and opinions on society, especially position women. This article analyses text produced to understand whether were written from an orientalist perspective. The freedom women impressed travellers officers, particular differentiated between other Muslim societies. They admired high s...

This study aims to offer a critical analysis of V. S. Naipaul’s second Islamic travelogue Beyond Belief: Islamic Excursions Among the Converted Peoples (1998), which chronicles the author’s excursions to the 4 non-Arab Muslim countries of Indonesia, Iran, Pakistan, and Malaysia. This critique is presented, firstly, through problematizing the author’s theorization on the theme of Muslim conversi...

circumstances and development of Muslim nations has been the subject of intense debate among Muslims and non-Muslims alike. Western critics of Islam or “Islamic civilization,” such as Bernard Lewis (1990) and Samuel Huntington (1993), have decried its economic irrationality, incompatibility with democracy, and failure to separate religion and state; while scholars such as Edward Said (2001:11) ...

The economic integration of migrants has become increasingly prioritised by European governments. However, Europe’s colonial past and orientalist narratives have contributed to the inevitable othering migrants, even in minds those with best intentions. Guided self-categorisation theory, we postulate that involved supporting integrate societies implicitly categorise them as an out-group, potenti...

Video games are virtual worlds, each with its own, distinctive spatiality. This paper suggests that there are two interrelated conceptual dimensions to the study of video games. First, there are the representational issues concerning the worlds depicted in video games, such as those portraying hypersexualized women or Orientalist depictions of Arab enemies. We suggest, however, that these cultu...