Prestack seismic data carries much useful information that can help us find more complex atypical reservoirs. Therefore, we are increasingly inclined to use prestack seismic data for seismic facies recognition. However, due to the inclusion of excessive redundancy, effective feature extraction from prestack seismic data becomes critical. In this paper, we consider seismic facies recognition bas...

Several positive carbon isotope excursions in Lower Paleozoic rocks, including the prominent Upper Cambrian Steptoean Positive Carbon Isotope Excursion (SPICE), are thought to reflect intermittent perturbations in the hydrosphere-biosphere system. Models explaining these secular changes are abundant, but the synchronicity and regional variation of the isotope signals are not well understood. Ex...

Deposition of marine strata associated with the Lower Pennsylvanian Mary Lee coal zone (Pottsville Formation) was controlled by the allocyclic mechanism of eustatic sea-level change. The vertical stacking of marine, marginal marine, and terrestrial facies indicates that this interval was deposited during a single transgression-regression-transgression cycle. Ravinement surfaces, and associated ...

The ability to delineate geologic facies and to estimate their properties from sparse data is essential for modeling physical and biochemical processes occurring in the subsurface. If such data are poorly differentiated, this challenging task is complicated further by the absence of a clear distinction between different hydrofacies at locations where data are available. We consider three altern...

The studied area includes Sulaimani, Erbil and Dohuk Governorates where Cretaceous rocks are well exposed in the High Folded Zone of North and Northeastern Iraq. This area is part of the northwestern boundary of Arabian platform near to Iranian border. In these governorates, the study tries to clarify the relations between deep and shallow stratigraphic units (formation or facies) during Cretac...

In this chapter, the definition of shale gas is reinterpreted and proposed: Shale “residual gas” in source rock that has not been discharged time. exists form adsorbed gas, free or dissolved which mainly biogenic thermal a mixture these two. Lithofacies paleogeography, as comprehensive reflection facies paleosedimentary environment, main controlling basic factors affecting development organic-r...

The ability to delineate geologic facies and to estimate their properties from sparse data is essential for modeling physical and biochemical processes occurring in the subsurface. If such data are poorly differentiated, this challenging task is complicated further by preventing a clear distinction between different hydrofacies even at locations where data are available. We study the problem of...

A male child with features of the Russell-Silver syndrome, including pre- and postnatal growth delay, triangular facies, bilateral fifth finger clinodactyly, and disproportionate lower extremities, was found to have a ring chromosome 15 in all peripheral leucocytes examined. Review of the reported cases of ring chromosome 15 defines a malformation syndrome with a characteristic facies related t...