Using data from the Northern Ireland Household Panel survey we demonstrate that attendance at outpatients is determined solely by respondent health. This is consistent with the GP acting as a gatekeeper to other services. Attendance thus provides valuable information on illness severity. Splitting the sample into two statistically distinct groups, we estimate ordered probit regressions of GP ut...

background: owing to the growing importance of medicines in treatment of diseases, as well as their role as alternatives for expensive and often unsafe procedures; economic examination of factors associated with their demand is necessary. hence, this study aimed at exploring factors affecting the demand of specialty medicines.   methods: in this descriptive-analytic study, data was collected fr...

Purpose This study aims to investigate the safety and liability of autonomous vehicles (AVs), identify contributing factors quantitatively so as provide potential insights on AVs. Design/methodology/approach The actual crash data were obtained from California DMV Sohu websites involved in collisions AVs 2015 2021 with 210 observations. Bayesian random parameter ordered probit model was proposed...

Modern trade theory emphasizes firm-level productivity differentials to explain the cross-border activities of non-financial firms. This study tests whether a productivity pecking order also determines international banking activities. Using a novel dataset that contains all German banks’ international activities, we estimate the ordered probability of a presence abroad (extensive margin) and t...

This paper investigates factors that influence Australians’ self-reported levels of happiness and life satisfaction with an emphasis on the role of labour market experience. The analysis is based on data from two surveys. The first, the 1995 Year 9 cohort of the Longitudinal Surveys of Australian Youth (LSAY), tracks a sample of young Australians in each year from Year 9 secondary school to age...

Recent work suggests that a person’s subjective well-being (SWB) depends to a large degree on relative-income. Focusing on the underlying identification, this paper makes four contributions to this literature: it describes the aggregation problem with past studies, implements an estimation strategy to overcome this problem, finds micro-level evidence in support of the hypothesis that relative-i...

In this study we have examined the students’ perception of online class during COVID-19 pandemic based on a telephone survey among 200 public university students in Bangladesh. Our ordered probit model estimation shows that gender, living area, money spending for classes, academic grade, internet problem, consideration as good alternative, considering whether teachers are skilled or not signifi...

In crash frequency models, frequency by severity level are examined using multivariate count models. In these multivariate approaches the impact of exogenous variables is quantified through the propensity component of count models. The main interaction among variables across different severity levels is sought through unobserved effects i.e. there is no interaction of observed effects across th...

The potential of parking-pricing as a policy tool within the field of transport demand management is gaining greater acknowledgement as empirical research highlights the potential impact it can have on trip generation and modal choice. However, although the aggregate effect of a TDM pricing measure is often noted or estimated, the potential distributional impact of pricing measures initially, a...