Using a fundamental result from detection theory, this paper translates the most popular continuous-time models for digital magnetic recording into simple discrete-time models which are equivalent from an information transfer point of view, and which are closely related to the optimum performances of all commonly applied receiver types. The models take account of the head-to-medium spacing, med...

This paper addresses the issue of developing weatherimpacted routes for the Final Approach Spacing Tool (FAST). FAST relies on adaptation data that includes nominal terminal area routes and degrees of freedom to generate optimum landing sequences and runway assignments. However, during adverse weather some adapted routes may become unavailable due to the presence of hazardous weather. If FAST c...

Thirty-five individuals who had learned and relearaed 50 English-Spanish word pairs were tested for recall and recognition after an interval of 8 years. Two variables, the spacing between successive releaming sessions and the number of presentations required to encode individual word pairs, are excellent predictors of the likelihood of achieving permastore retention. Optimum recall occurs for w...

Many scholars have argued that deliberate birth spacing may have played a role before and during the modern fertility transition. There are good historical and theoretical reasons for this view, but it has proved to be hard to demonstrate convincingly that birth intervals were in fact partly determined by attempts at deliberate fertility control. This paper suggests a method of securing evidenc...

We propose a mean-field method to calculate approximately the spacing distribution functions p((n))(s) in one-dimensional classical many-particle systems. We compare our method with two other commonly used methods, the independent interval approximation and the extended Wigner surmise. In our mean-field approach, p((n))(s) is calculated from a set of Langevin equations, which are decoupled by u...

OBJECTIVES This paper examines the effect of household crowding on inter-pregnancy spacing and its association with socioeconomic indicators, among parous mothers delivered in an urban environment. DESIGN Cross sectional survey. METHODS Sociodemographic data were obtained on 2466 parous women delivering at eight hospitals in Greater Beirut over a one year period. Statistical methodology com...

The artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm is a biomimetic optimization based on the intelligent foraging behavior of colony. It has obvious advantages in dealing with complex nonlinear problems. However, random neighborhood search leads to ABC being good at exploration but neglected exploitation. Therefore, modified (MABC) proposed this paper. applied thinned large multiple concentric circular ...