application of optical radiation such as laser and other short wavelength radiation for inactivation of many food-borne pathogen microorganisms in food industry (as major challenges in the food industry and so that many diseases are resulted from this food contamination) was known as a new technology. material and methods: effects of green continuous waves lasers on structural (using sds-page m...

Boumil et al praise the False Claims Act (1863, United States). I wish there were a similar act in France; instead French law makes whistleblowing an offense. This does not encourage whistleblowers. In France whistleblowers are never ‘rewarded for their efforts with monetary compensation and protection from retaliation’. Nor are they in many other European jurisdictions. In fact, the highest ad...

All-optical logic gates (AO-LGs) are the key elements that play a pivotal role in development of future all-optical networks and computing. A complete overview seven (i.e., AND, OR, NOT, XOR, XNOR, NAND, NOR) based on their design techniques applications covered, including latest technologies, such as topological photonics artificial intelligence-based designs techniques. In addition, we have f...

Abstract We introduce a novel 3D microrheology system that combines for the first time Optical Tweezers with Integrated Multiplane Microscopy (OpTIMuM). The allows tracking of an optically trapped bead, ~ 20 nm accuracy along optical axis. This is achieved without need high precision z-stage, separate calibration sample, nor priori knowledge either bead size or properties suspending medium. Ins...

Optical computing has gained much attention due to its high speed, low energy consumption, and the fact that it is naturally parallelizable multiplexable, etc. Single-bit optical logic gates based on a four-hidden-layer diffractive neural network (DONN) have been demonstrated with paired apertures. Here, we show parallel-logic operation strategy two-hidden-layer DONN, showcasing their efficienc...

γ Cas is an unusual classical Be star for which the optical-band and hard X-ray fluxes vary on a variety of timescales. We report results of a nine-year monitoring effort on this star with a robotic ground-based (APT) telescope in the B, V filter system as well as simultaneous observations in 2004 November with this instrument and the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE) telescope. Our observatio...

Evidence suggests that binding, or encoding a feature with respect to other features in time and space, can convey cognitive advantages. However, evidence across many kinds of stimuli and paradigms presents a mixed picture, alternatively showing cognitive costs or cognitive advantages associated with maintaining bound representations. We examined memory for colored letters drawn from similar an...