With the increase in the number and bandwidth of services that must be offered by an access network, and the unpredictability of the range of services that users might demand in future, it is essential that long term solutions are investigated for designing scalable and dynamic optical access networks. This paper provides an adaptive and scalable design for the access network architecture based...

In this paper we consider algorithms for the logical topology design and traffic grooming problem in WDM networks with router interface constraints as well as optical constraints. The optical constraints include restricted transmission range due to optical impairments as well as limits on the number of available wavelengths. We formulate this problem as an integer linear program which is NP-com...

objectives the main objective of this study was to design and construct an optical device to determine the rbv in patients undergoing hemodialysis, during the process. materials and methods after initial studies in order to select a proper sensor, using the orcad software, an analog circuit was designed. the implementation and modification of the circuit was done by the clinical tests, using ex...

polymer gel dosimeter is the only accurate three dimensional (3d) dosimeter that can measure the absorbed dose distribution in a perfect 3d setting. gel dosimetry by using optical computed tomography (oct) has been promoted by several researches. in the current study, we designed and constructed a prototype oct system for gel dosimetry. first, the electrical system for optical scanning of the g...

A multi-channel Optical Head has been developed to be incorporated with an Optical Tape Drive that enables greater than 1TB capacity and greater than 25 MB/s data transfer rate on a 0.5 mil thick, 0.5 inch wide optical tape that fits in a 3480 style cartridge. The optical design has been optimized to perform at 532 nm with maximum through put in the write path. With use of a 0.6 NA objective le...

background and objective: vep is a powerful method to study visual system via evaluating evoked potentials. technologic and instrumental restrictions may be the reason of having studies on optical modulation and induction such as color, spatial frequency and contrast. developments of computer software and hardware may lead to an increase in the flexibility of pattern designs. material and meth...

Introduction Optical constants are used to compute the response of a material to light. Previously published optical constants for uranium and a-Si over portions of the extreme ultraviolet (EUV) are questionable. The optical constants of a-Si from peerreviewed literature are not consistent with optical constants calculated from the atomic scattering factors of crystalline Si. The optical consta...

The goal of the paper is two-fold. First, the paper formulates a set of optimization problems relevant for the design of optical WDM networks robust to failures, encompassing demand routing, wavelength assignment and link dimensioning. Two basic protection mechanisms are considered: path diversity and single backup path restoration. The design problems, taking directly into account a scenario o...

introduction: this study seeks to discuss the light wave transport characteristics variation along the pericardium meridian under different pressures. methods: we selected 36 healthy students at the school for this study, tied up the desktop blood pressure cuff onto subjects’right proximal arms, fixed the detection probe immovably on the neiguan (pc6) acupoint and the reference point which was ...