N onarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) is the leading cause of sudden optic nerve–related vision loss in individuals over 50 years old and is caused by inadequate blood supply to the optic nerve head (1). In the United States, it affects 2.3 to 10.2 per 100,000 people over 50 years, resulting in 10,000 to 12,000 new cases per year (2,3). Little is understood concerning the pat...

After receiving their visual input from photoreceptors via the intermediate neurons (bipolar, horizontal and amacrine cells), retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) relay this intraretinally preprocessed visual information to the centres in the brain for further processing. Thus, RGCs are the only projecting neurons in the retina, and their axons form the optic nerve. These central nerve axons originate...

John Glasgow Kerr was the second director of First Western-Style Hospital in China, which an eye hospital. Xi Yi Yan Ke (Ophthalmology in Western Medicine), is translated and compiled by Dr. first published 1871 reprinted 1880, first western medical monograph on ophthalmology China. The book consists 53 sections, covering symptom inquiry, symptom examination, cataract surgery, ophthalmosco...

Seven cases are presented in which prolonged papilloedema led to the development of acquired optociliary shunt vessels. These vessels may also be found with optic nerve tumours, particularly spheno-orbital meningiomas, optic nerve drusen, glaucoma, and after central retinal vein occlusion. Two patients had intracranial tumours, 4 benign intracranial hypertension, and one Crouzon's disease. Thre...

to improve visual disturbance, optic nerve decompression can be performed via transcranial or tran-sphenoidal approaches. although the surgical exposure in transcranial approach is favourable, yet the optic nerve's presence in the field may make it vulnerable to damage. of fighty patients with different types of pituitary adenomas, 35 cases with medium-sized (1-3 cm) tumors have been studi...

Introduction: The decline of visual function with increasing age is a significant concern in elderly. Despite previous work on prevalence of specific ophthalmic pathologies, there has not been enough valid data about overall eye disorders in Tehran yet, and it is poorly defined and not underpinned by strong evidence. The purpose of this study was to investigate the common eye disorders in the e...

Introduction: We aimed to dosimetrically compare three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) and volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) in terms of planning target volume (PTV) coverage, organ at risk (OAR) sparing, and conformity index (CI). Material and Methods: Planning data of 26 high grade glioma (HGG) patients were used. Prescrib...

Objective: To provide rationale for the clinical application of endoscopic optic nerve decompression based on anatomical and imaging studies. Methods: The anatomy of optic nerve canal and its adjacent structures of 20 facial sides of human cadaver heads were examined by multislice spiral CT scanning and imaging workstations. Anatomical and imaging measurements were compared. Results: The follow...

Aims. To elucidate characteristics of IgG4-related disease involving the peripheral nervous system. Methods. Retrospective review of 106 patients with IgG4-related disease identified 21 peripheral nerve lesions in 7 patients. Clinicopathological and radiological features were examined. Results. Peripheral nerve lesions were commonly identified in orbital or paravertebral area, involving orbital...