According to transaction cost economics, contracts are always incomplete and offer opportunities to defect. Some level of trust is a sine qua non for trade. If the seller is better informed about product quality than the buyer, the buyer has to rely on information the seller provides or has to check the information by testing the product or tracing the supply chain processes, thus incurring ext...

Mucormycosis is a rare fungal disease that holds a fatal opportunistic fungal infection in diabetes mellitus, hematological malignancy, and immunocompromised host. Isolated pulmonary mucormycosis is extremely rare. Optimal therapy is a combined medical-surgical approach and a management of the patient's underlying disease. Herein, we report a case-study of isolated pulmonary mucormycosis which ...

We define a simplified analogue of a kite control task that requires, in its simplest form, a situated artificial agent to switch between two mutually exclusive behaviours. In more complex versions of the task, the agent is required to adapt to changes within its environment that occur on different temporal scales. We describe the failure to evolve successful agents when a decision threshold is...

Serratia species are opportunistic, gram-negative, motile bacteria classified in the large family Enterobacteriaceae and differentiate from Klebsiella spp. with slow fermenting lactose DNAase positive (1,2). One of characteristics that distinguishes them other is to synthesize red pigments, prodigiosins. It can cause nosocomial infections especcialy newborns patients intensive care units. spp.;...

The plant-Trichoderma-pathogen triangle is a complexnet of several techniques. Trichoderma spp. are avirulent opportunistic plant symbionts. In addition to being hitplant Symbioticorganisms. additionally behave as low cost, powerful and ecofriendly biocontrol agent. They can set themselves up in numerouspatho-systems, have minimum effectat the soil equilibrium do now no longer impair beneficial...

The constantly growing number of wireless devices and applications makes efficient spectrum utilization critical. Cognitive radio technology offers a solution by employing opportunistic and adaptive selection of transmission parameters and communication strategies. Due to the lack of general simulation tools available for analyzing cognitive radio networks, we propose an agent-based framework f...

Rhodococcus equi is an emerging opportunistic pathogen in immunocompromised patients. A lungtransplant recipient developed weight loss, nonproductive cough, dyspnea, and somnolence. Computed tomogram showed a pulmonary nodule and pleural changes in the right allograft that was due to R. equi infection. Alteration of cell-mediated immunity is a predisposing risk factor for R. equi infection in h...

Species of Candida and Aspergillus remain the most common causes of invasive fungal infections, but other yeasts and filamentous fungi are emerging as significant pathogens. Opportunistic yeast-like fungi and moulds such as Zygomycetes, Fusarium spp. and Scedosporium spp. are increasingly being recognised in patient groups such as those with leukaemia and in bone marrow transplant recipients. R...

Sir, Opportunistic subcutaneous fungus infections are currently increasing in incidence, partly due to the growing number of patients receiving immunosuppressive therapies. Accordingly, these infections, formerly mostly encountered in hot and dry areas, are now more widely distributed and may challenge clinical and biological diagnosis when occurring in areas where physicians are not accustomed...

Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) caused by the opportunistic fungal agent Pneumocystis jirovecii (formerly P. carinii) continues to cause illness and death in HIV-infected patients. In the absence of a culture system to isolate and maintain live organisms, efforts to type and characterize the organism have relied on polymerase chain reaction-based approaches. Studies using these methods have improv...