نتایج جستجو برای: opiate system

تعداد نتایج: 2234993  

2015
Sheila M. Bird Mahesh K. B. Parmar John Strang

Aims: Scotland was the first country to adopt take-home naloxone (THN) as a funded public health policy. We summarise the background and rigorous set-up for before/after monitoring to assess the impact on high-risk opiate-fatalities. Methods: Evidence-synthesis of prospectively monitored small-scale THN schemes led to a performance indicator for distribution of THN-kits relative to opiate-relat...

Journal: :Psychiatry research 2003
Charles Kornreich Marie-Line Foisy Pierre Philippot Bernard Dan Juan Tecco Xavier Noël Ursula Hess Isidore Pelc Paul Verbanck

The present study aims to explore whether an impairment in emotional facial expressions (EFE) decoding is specific to alcoholism compared with opiate dependence. An EFE decoding test consisting of 16 photographs of EFE portraying happiness, anger, sadness and disgust was administered to five different groups of 30 subjects each: recently detoxified alcoholics (RA); opiate addicts under methadon...

Journal: :The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 2006
Jinsong Zeng Lisa M Thomson Sue A Aicher Gregory W Terman

Repeated exposure to opiates produces analgesic tolerance, which limits their clinical usefulness. Whole-cell voltage-clamped lamina I cells in spinal slices from opiate-tolerant neonatal rats show an increase in miniature, spontaneous, and primary afferent-evoked EPSCs when compared with lamina I cells from opiate-naive rat spinal slices. This increased excitation can be blocked by the NMDA re...

Journal: :international journal of high risk behaviors and addiction 0
bahareh amirabadi department of clinical psychology, faculty of medical sciences, shahid beheshti university of medical sciences, tehran, ir iran; department of clinical psychology, faculty of medical sciences, shahid beheshti university of medical sciences, tehran, ir iran. tel: +98-9127852137 mohammad nikbakht department of clinical psychology, faculty of medical sciences, shahid beheshti university of medical sciences, tehran, ir iran mostafa nokani department of clinical psychology, faculty of medical sciences, arak university of medical sciences, arak, ir iran neda alibeygi department of psychiatry, faculty of psychiatry, university of rehabilitation and welfare sciences, tehran, ir iran hadi safari department of psychology, faculty of psychology, semnan university, semnan, ir iran

conclusions low onset age of smoking cigarettes, high novelty seeking and low cooperativeness in opiate dependents are among the important personality traits in future use of drugs that can predict the subsequent onset of using opiate drugs. results opiate addicts had higher scores in novelty seeking dimension and lower scores in cooperativeness compared to nicotine addicts. the onset age of sm...

2015
Laura G. Rosen Ninglei Sun Walter Rushlow Steven R. Laviolette

The persistence of associative memories linked to the rewarding properties of drugs of abuse is a core underlying feature of the addiction process. Opiate class drugs in particular, possess potent euphorigenic effects which, when linked to environmental cues, can produce drug-related "trigger" memories that may persist for lengthy periods of time, even during abstinence, in both humans, and oth...

Journal: :The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 1997
L J Punch D W Self E J Nestler J R Taylor

Chronic opiate administration upregulates the cAMP pathway in the locus coeruleus (LC). This adaptation is thought to increase the electrical excitability of LC neurons and contribute to the dramatic increase in LC firing induced by opioid receptor antagonists in opiate-dependent animals. The goal of the present study was to evaluate directly a role of the cAMP pathway in opiate withdrawal beha...

2012
Kurt F Hauser Sylvia Fitting Seth M Dever Elizabeth M Podhaizer Pamela E Knapp

Opiate abuse and HIV-1 have been described as interrelated epidemics, and even in the advent of combined anti-retroviral therapy, the additional abuse of opiates appears to result in greater neurologic and cognitive deficits. The central nervous system (CNS) is particularly vulnerable to interactive opiate-HIV-1 effects, in part because of the unique responses of microglia and astroglia. Althou...

2010
Melinda H. Sheehan Richard M. Kream George B. Stefano

Previous work from our laboratory has established that cellular signaling processes of endogenous morphine are mediated by cognate G protein coupled receptor (GPCR) proteins, designated µ(3) and µ(4) opiate receptors. µ(3) and µ(4) opiate receptors are structurally unique "short" 6 transmembrane helical (TMH) domain GPCRs that are selectively responsive to endogenous morphine, not to families o...

Journal: :Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters 2006
Peter A Crooks Santosh G Kottayil Abeer M Al-Ghananeem Stephen R Byrn D Allan Butterfield

A series of 3-O-acyl-6-O-sulfate esters of morphine, dihydromorphine, N-methylmorphinium iodide, codeine, and dihydrocodeine were prepared and evaluated for their ability to bind to mu-, delta-, kappa(1)-, kappa(2)-, and kappa(3)-opiate receptors. Several compounds exhibited good affinity for the mu-opiate receptor. Morphine-3-O-propionyl-6-O-sulfate had four times greater affinity than morphin...

Journal: :The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners 2005
John Strang Janie Sheridan Claire Hunt Bethanne Kerr Clare Gerada Michael Pringle

BACKGROUND GPs occupy a pivotal position in relation to providing services to opiate misusers in the UK, and this is now cited to support initiatives in other countries. AIMS To investigate GP involvement in the management of opiate misusers; and to examine the nature of this prescribing of methadone and other opioids. DESIGN GP data collected via self-completion postal questionnaire from a...

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