A  convenient  and  efficient  one-pot  four-component  synthesis  of  1,  2,  4,  5-tetrasubstituted  imidazoles  using  nano  TiO2  as  a  recyclable  catalyst  is  reported.  The results  show  that  the  methodology  has  several  advantages  such  as  low  loading  of catalyst,  excellent  yield,  short  reaction  time,  operational  simplicity  and  solvent-free conditions.

Generating an exponential decay function with a time constant on the order of hundreds of milliseconds is a mainstay for neuromorphic circuits. Usually, either subthreshold circuits or RC-decays based on transconductance amplifiers are used. In the latter case, transconductances in the 10 pS range are needed. However, state-of-the-art low-transconductance amplifiers still require too much circu...

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We propose an innovative approach for measuring real-time operational load within emergency departments. Medical informatics, operations researchers, and other decision makers in the health care field have yet to come to an agreement regarding standardized matrices for measuring operational load within emergency departments. As a result, it is difficult to develop methods and approaches for red...

The design of a CMOS operational mirrored amplifier (OMA) suitable for high frequency applications is proposed. The CMOS operational mirrored amplifier is developed using class AB operational amplifier and two current mirrors. To obtain a wide bandwidth and high stability, HF feedforward techniques have been used. These techniques made the proposed circuit suitable for continuous – time analog ...

In this paper, we discuss an optimization-based approach for design space exploration of analog circuits, i.e., how some design parameters affect the circuit performance and cost. By this exploration the designer is guided to make judicious trade-offs among the remaining design parameters. For the design space exploration, which is expensive in terms of computation time, we use an optimization-...

Most hard real-time computer systems control processes that undergo several, mutually exclusive modes of operation. This paper discusses issues of handling mode changes and requirements for their application. Speci cation of mode changes, construction of static schedules for modes and transitions, and run-time execution of mode changes are presented. We propose concepts for mode changes in the ...