different decisions, including location decisions of companies which are operating in international dynamic environment are subject to significant uncertainty.so in this research an international facility location problem under uncertainty is considered and an integrated model for strategic and operational planning is presented. in strategic level countries are assessed according to internation...

To the Editor:—In the August 2005 issue of ANESTHESIOLOGY, Sandberg et al. describe an Operating Room of the Future (ORF) that includes extensive physical and workflow redesigns for “optimal support of advanced minimally invasive surgery.” The ORF enhancements incorporate increased capital costs for advanced equipment and increased personnel costs as compared with their standard operating room....

An empirical comparison is made of the impact on disaggregated education costs of three types of education spending control regimes — state-level control of education spending; local school board control of spending with non-overlapping jurisdictions; and local school board control with overlapping jurisdictions. A model is specified which describes the determination of teacher wages, the teach...

To the Editor:—In the August 2005 issue of ANESTHESIOLOGY, Sandberg et al. describe an Operating Room of the Future (ORF) that includes extensive physical and workflow redesigns for “optimal support of advanced minimally invasive surgery.” The ORF enhancements incorporate increased capital costs for advanced equipment and increased personnel costs as compared with their standard operating room....

To the Editor:—In the August 2005 issue of ANESTHESIOLOGY, Sandberg et al. describe an Operating Room of the Future (ORF) that includes extensive physical and workflow redesigns for “optimal support of advanced minimally invasive surgery.” The ORF enhancements incorporate increased capital costs for advanced equipment and increased personnel costs as compared with their standard operating room....

The United States pulp and paper industry has experienced significant structural changes over the past twenty-five years, including reductions in the number of pulp and paper mills, lower rates of capacity growth, employment cutbacks, and a loss of market share to foreign competitors. These structural shifts portray an industry that increasingly has difficulty adapting to a more competitive env...

Bus fleet data have consistently shown that vehicle operating and maintenance costs increase as vehicles age. A fleet manager has to deal with the tradeoff between the lower operating and maintenance costs of newer fleets and their higher initial capital costs as well as the tradeoff between conventional and fuel efficient bus technologies. This study formulates and implements a fleet replaceme...

This article presents the results of a survey carried out in spring 2012 to determine the level of housing costs incurred by Austrian households. The housing cost survey shows that the share of housing costs borne by homeowners (loan repayment plus operating expenses and energy costs) accounts for 25% (median: 19%) of their net household income and is thus far lower than that borne by tenants (...

Background: Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) are among the most common occupational problems facing surgical technologists in the operating room, which could be associated with high costs and a reduction in the healthcare quality. The operating room could be the source of various types of surgical errors caused by numerous invasive procedures. This study aimed to investigate the c...

As health care costs increase, there is a need for healthcare service providers to look for ways to contain costs and to achieve a higher efficiency at their operating facilities without sacrificing quality. This paper studies a case in employing business process reengineering techniques on one aspect of a health care service – surgical work. The system is simulated focusing on the processes th...