Optical CDMA technology is being explored as a multiplexing technology for high speed access networks, with optical fibre as transmission medium and also processing ie. the spreading/dispreading of the CDMA sequences. For fibre-optic code division multiple access (FO-CDMA) scheme to be a practically implement able one as a high speed access network, two main challenges are, design of (1) codes ...

Biolubricant base oils, 9,12-hydroxy-10,13-oleioxy-12-octadecanoic acid (HYOOA) was synthesized based on the esterification reaction of Monoepoxide linoleic acid 9(12)-10(13)-monoepoxy 12(9)-octadecanoic acid (MEOA) with oleic acid (OA) and catalyzed by p-Toluenesulfonic acid. The optimum conditions for the experiment using D-optimal design to obtain high yield% of 84.61, conversion% of 83.54 a...

This work presents a performance evaluation based on elaborated analytical expressions of error probability for broadband access networkin the case of a combined technique of dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) and one dimensional optical orthogonal codes (1D-OOC). Optical sources with relatively large spectrum has been considered and simulated.Besides the Multiple Access Interference...

We provide an analysis to the performance of Optical Orthogonal Codes(OOC) in an Optical Code Division Multiple Access(CDMA) network by considering the probability distribution of the interference patterns. We show that the actual performance is close to a previous estimate. We also consider a less structured temporal code in which the code words are allowed to overlap at two pulse positions. W...

Nine new 2-D OOCs are presented here, all sharing the common feature of a code size that is much larger in relation to the number of time slots than those of constructions appearing previously in the literature. Each of these constructions is either optimal or asymptotically optimal with respect to either the original Johnson bound or else a non-binary version of the Johnson bound introduced in...

The title compound, C(9)H(10)N(2)O(4)·H(2)O, was obtained as a zwitterion derived from the nucleophilic attack of 3-amino-pyridine on the fumaric α,β-system. Within the molecule, the amino-pyridine moiety and the carboxyl-ate and carb-oxy-lic acid fragments form dihedral angles of 68.6 (2) and 62.8 (2)°, respectively. The geometry adopted by the mol-ecule does not allow the formation of centros...

The midpoint method or technique is a “measurement” and as each measurement it has a tolerance, but worst of all it can be invalid, called Out-of-Control or OoC. The core of all midpoint methods is the accurate measurement of the difference of the squared distances of two points to the “polar” of their midpoint with respect to the conic. When this measurement is valid, it also measures the diff...

To improve the adsorption effect of biochar on heavy metal Cu(II), we prepared new and explored its modification process influence original biochar’s physical structure chemical composition as well mechanism for Cu(II) in an aqueous solution. Through research work, have reached some significant conclusions: (1) The modified (M2–800) can adsorb at rate 98.039 mg g?1, 38.8 times higher than that ...

Multiorgan-on-a-chip (multi-OoC) devices, by supporting cross-organ communication, allow the study of multiorgan processes and modeling systemic diseases.Multi-OoC approaches provide new insights that would be lost using single-OoC models.Various coupling configurations have been proposed for building multi-OoC platforms, these present different levels user-friendliness.Multi-OoC platforms pote...

While the versatile composition of layered double hydroxides (LDHs) allows introduction almost any polyvalent cation in their structure, exchangeable negatively charged ions intercalated between plates increase vast range functionalities. Here we report on preparation and optical properties pillared Eu3+-substituted ZnAl LDHs by aliphatic dicarboxylates: ?OOC?(CH2)n–2?COO?. The basal distance t...