As nuclear families have become increasingly less stable over the past quarter century, married couples have been faced with the difficult task of negotiating the terms by which marriage is ended. For parents, divorce involves questions revolving around the care and sustenance of children. In this paper we investigate whether observed divorce settlements indicate that parents make trade-offs in...

This Essay proceeds in four steps. Part I summarizes the quantitative evidence on the pattern of escalation and outcomes of more than 600 GATT/WTO disputes from 1948 through 1999. Part II elaborates on our theory of settlement bargaining within the context of an institution lacking enforcement power and shows how the hypotheses are consistent with the evidence introduced earlier. Part III discu...

We present a detailed ns-2 [1] based simulation analysis on four of the prominent mobile ad hoc network routing protocols: Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) protocol [2], Associativity-Based Routing (ABR) protocol [3], FlowOriented Routing Protocol (FORP) [4] and the Routelifetime Assessment Based Routing (RABR) protocol [5]. The simulations were conducted with and without transmission power control...

During the past ten years, several new hepatitis E viruses (HEVs) have been identified in various animal species. In parallel, the number of reports of autochthonous hepatitis E in Western countries has increased as well, raising the question of what role these possible animal reservoirs play in human infections. The aim of this review is to present the recent discoveries of animal HEVs and thei...

Many intracellular microbial symbionts of arthropods are strictly vertically transmitted and manipulate their host's reproduction in ways that enhance their own transmission. Rare horizontal transmission events are nonetheless necessary for symbiont spread to novel host lineages. Horizontal transmission has been mostly inferred from phylogenetic studies but the mechanisms of spread are still la...

Correspondence and reprint requests should be addressed to: Dr. Leanne E. Unicomb Head, Water and Sanitation Cluster Programme on Infectious Diseases and Vaccine Sciences Health Systems and Infectious Diseases Division ICDDR,B GPO Box 128, Dhaka 1000 Bangladesh Email: [email protected] Fax: +880-2-8811568 Improvements in food safety require initiatives that address risks identified along the ‘f...

T he cooling performance of oil is critical to the functionality and durability of vehicle drive units, such as transmissions and differentials. Traditionally, automotive R&D teams evaluate cooling performance by building prototypes, installing them in a vehicle, and conducting tests in wind tunnels. The use of free-surface multiphase flow modeling with high-performance computing (HPC) has made...

Design and analysis of routing protocols are the key issues for a mobile ad hoc network (MANET). The Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) protocol is one of the important on-demand routing protocols. In this paper, we develop a comprehensive analytic model for the performance study of the DSR protocol with multiple routes. Two performance metrics, called probability of a successful data transmission an...