Cupriavidus pinatubonensis JMP134 utilizes a variety of aromatic substrates as sole carbon sources, including meta-nitrophenol (MNP). Two polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) synthase genes, phaC1 and phaC2, were annotated and categorized as class I and class II PHA synthase genes, respectively. In this study, both His-tagged purified PhaC1 and PhaC2 were shown to exhibit typical class I PHA synthase sub...

Background: Laninamivir octanoate (LO), an inhaled neuraminidase inhibitor, has been used against influenza in Japan. However, children who cannot inhale well might not receive the full dose. We examined the relation between the residual amounts of LO in the device after its use and the time to fever resolution in children with influenza. Methods: The subjects of the study were 161 children (4-...

We have begun an investigation of the level of enzymatic activity in tissues which have been in filtrated by malignant cells. Two preliminary re ports of this work have appeared (1, @). We are presenting herewith results of studies of fatty acid oxidase activity which have been carried out on C58 mouse liver homogenates according to Lehn inger (3, 4). In addition, results of orienting ex perime...

Background The heart normally derives most of its energy from the oxidation of fatty acids. Myocardial metabolism can be monitored non-invasively by MRS using hyperpolarized (HP) 13C-labelled compounds; however, the vast majority of studies reported have used HP pyruvate and did not measure fatty acid catabolism. The myocardial metabolism of HP [1-13C]butyrate and [1-13C]acetate has been report...

(13)C NMR is a powerful tool for monitoring metabolic fluxes in vivo. The recent availability of automated dynamic nuclear polarization equipment for hyperpolarizing (13)C nuclei now offers the potential to measure metabolic fluxes through select enzyme-catalyzed steps with substantially improved sensitivity. Here, we investigated the metabolism of hyperpolarized [1-(13)C(1)]pyruvate in a widel...

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is frequently used in infants with postoperative cardiopulmonary failure. ECMO also suppresses circulating triiodothyronine (T3) levels and modifies myocardial metabolism. We assessed the hypothesis that T3 supplementation reverses ECMO-induced metabolic abnormalities in the immature heart. Twenty-two male Yorkshire pigs (age: 25-38 days) with ECMO rec...

The degradation of fatty acids of the even series by animal tissues yields Ca fragments (metabolically, acetyl-S-CoA) which may undergo various condensation reactions. Condensation with oxalacetate to form citrate is the established mecha nism for entrance of €2fragments into the tricarboxylic acid cycle, where they are subsequently oxidized to COs (11, 17). Liver possesses the abil ity to fo...

Hepatocytes were isolated from sixteen fasting neonatal pigs and used in two experiments: (1) to determine the effect of various factors on the ability for hepatic oxidation of fatty acids and (2) to clarify the relationship between fatty acid oxidation and glucose synthesis. In Expt 1, newborn pigs were either fasted from birth for 24 h or allowed to suck ad lib. for 3 d followed by a 24 h fas...

The lactating rabbit synthesizes milk triacylglycerol, which contains a high proportion (approx. 65 mo1/100mol) of medium-chain fatty acids, the remainder being long-chain fatty acids (Smith et al., 1968). Experiments in vivo with suckling rabbits had shown that medium-chain milk fatty acids were transported to the liver via the hepatic portal vein, and were taken up by the liver. In order to c...

Heart-type fatty acid binding protein (H-FABP), abundantly expressed in cardiac myocytes, has been postulated to facilitate the cardiac uptake of long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) and to promote their intracellular trafficking to sites of metabolic conversion. Mice with a disrupted H-FABP gene were recently shown to have elevated plasma LCFA levels, decreased cardiac deposition of a LCFA analogue,...