Reciprocal transplant studies examined the contribution of genetic differentiation and phenotypic plasticity to intraspecific variation in blue oak (Quercus douglasii) seedling survival and growth. A nested, mixed model design partitioned seedling survival and growth responses into between-population effects, within-population (among family) effects, and environmental effects. Significant betwe...

In order to explore the mechanism of delayed and uneven germination in sharp tooth oak (Quercus aliena var. acuteserrata) (STO), mechanical scarification techniques were used to study STO root and shoot germination and growth. The techniques used were: removing cup scar (RS), removing the pericarp (RP), and cutting off 1/2 (HC) and 2/3 (TC) cotyledons. Germination percentage and root and shoot ...

We studied the interactions involving oak acorns and associated arthropods focusing on role of introduced Quercus rubra in Italy. conducted our study areas where native oaks coexist with Q. rubra. carried out a survey inhabiting fallen colonisation experiment. Furthermore, we laboratory experiments documenting among most abundant arthropod species Acorns were colonised by ant carpophagous insec...

Questions: (1) How does the effort that birds invest in harvesting acorns, including the distance the acorns are moved – a key factor affecting population structure of the trees – covary with the size of the acorn crop? (2) How well are harvest patterns, previously inferred by indirect, genetic methods, matched by data from direct observations of harvesting? Organisms: The acorn woodpecker (Mel...

Some of the clearest examples of the ramifying effects of resource pulses exist in deciduous forests dominated by mast-producing trees, such as oaks, beech, and hornbeam. Seed production in these forests represents only the first of several pulsed events. Secondary pulses emerge as mast-consuming small rodents numerically respond to seed production and tertiary pulses emerge as generalist preda...

Studies from both tropical and temperate systems show that scatter-hoarding rodents selectively disperse larger seeds farther from their source than smaller seeds, potentially increasing seedling establishment in larger-seeded plants. Size-biased dispersal is evident in many oaks (Quercus) and is true both across and within species. Here, we predict that intraspecifc variation in seed size also...

Fault attack is one of the most efficient side channel attacks and has attracted much attention in recent public cryptographic literatures. In this work we introduce a fault attack on the authenticated cipher ACORN v3. Our attack is done under the assumption that a fault is injected into an initial state of ACORN v3 randomly, and contains two main steps: fault locating and equation solving. At ...

We examined the importance of pollen limitation to variation in acorn production of three species of California oaks (Quercus lobata, Q. douglasii, and Q. agrifolia) by testing for relationships between phenology and acorn production. Within years, trees flowering closer to the mean flowering date of the population produced significantly more acorns in two of the species. Assuming that more pol...