I am a second year Nutrition student and have a question about protein and endurance athletes. Why are their protein requirements greater than they are for resistance athletes? Is it because the muscle glycogen stores get depleted over a long period of time with intense exercise? If so, should they consume more carbohydrates than resistance athletes, with a low glycemic index prior to their wor...

The intracellular distribution of micronutrients, as well as their uptake, is important for cell function. In some cases the distribution of micronutrients or their related proteins is determined by gene expression mechanisms. The 3' untranslated region (3'UTR) of metallothionein-1 mRNA determines localisation of the mRNA, and in turn intracellular trafficking of the protein product. Using tran...

Adequate delivery of AA is essential for normal fetal growth and development. Recently, we reported that when ewes from the University of Wyoming flock (farm flock with adequate nutrition) were fed 50% (nutrient-restricted) or 100% (control-fed) of the NRC-recommended nutrient requirements between d 28 and 78 of gestation, fetal weights as well as concentrations of most AA in maternal and fetal...

The aim of this study was to describe the use of nutrition and related claims on packaged food for sale in Australia and measure the compliance of such claims with regulations governing their use. A survey was conducted of the labelling of 6662 products in 40 different food categories on sale in New South Wales in 2001. Levels of compliance were assessed by comparing the claims on the label and...

BACKGROUND The WHO recommends the introduction of nutritionally adequate, safe, and appropriate complementary foods at 6 mo of age, with continued breastfeeding up to 2 y and beyond. Suggested strategies to support continued breastfeeding often postulate optimal use of customary "family foods" and adequate amounts of indigenous foodstuffs and local foods. OBJECTIVE The objective was to determ...

A general saturation equation is derived which is shown to describe a wide variety of nutrient-response relationships in higher organisms. Iterative multiple linear regression analysis is used to obtain least squares estimates of the constants defining theoretical nutrient-response curves. Curves thus generated accurately predict experimentally observed responses. From this treatment, response ...

Despite the Institute of Medicine's commitment to base its nutrient intake recommendations in evidence, the 2004/2005 Dietary Reference Intakes for sodium were not supported by evidence, as the subsequent 2013 Institute of Medicine review admitted. In this review, I suggest an approach to setting nutrient intake requirements based in physiology. Briefly, the requirement of a given nutrient can ...

BACKGROUND Nutritional requirements have been previously calculated for emergency-affected populations and are widely used for planning and assessing the nutritional adequacy of humanitarian food assistance. The Sphere Project is an interagency collaboration that defines minimum standards and indicators for humanitarian responses, including food and nutrition. It last published population nutri...

1 The biomass of all living organisms consists of around 30 of the 92 naturally occurring elements (Fig. 1a and Supplementary Table S1)1,2. All organisms must obtain chemical forms of these essential elements, termed nutrients, from their external environment. The key role that nutrients play in controlling upper-ocean productivity has long been recognized3–5. Research over recent decades, howe...

Nutrition security describes the adequacy of the food supply to meet not only energy but also macronutrient and micronutrient requirements for the population. The aim of this study was to develop a method to assess trends in national nutrition security and the contribution of imports to nutrition security, using the UK as a case study. Food supply data from FAO food balance sheets and national ...