Haploid spermatids undergo extensive cellular, molecular and morphological changes to form spermatozoa during spermiogenesis. Abnormalities in these steps can lead to serious male fertility problems, from oligospermia to complete azoospermia. CHD5 is a chromatin-remodeling nuclear protein expressed almost exclusively in the brain and testis. Male Chd5 knockout (KO) mice have deregulated spermat...

BACKGROUND Spermatozoa with large vacuoles (SLV) may have a negative impact on embryo development. The origin of these vacuoles is unknown. We evaluated acrosome and nucleus alterations in isolated SLV, versus unselected spermatozoa. METHODS We studied 20 patients with teratozoospermia. Spermatozoa from the native semen sample and spermatozoa presenting a vacuole occupying >13.0% total head a...

The chromosome territory interchromatin compartment (CT-IC) model argues for a functional organization of the cell nucleus. Chromosome territory (CT) arrangements show profound differences between certain cell types. In the spherically shaped lymphocyte nuclei gene dense CTs are preferentially located in the nuclear interior, while gene poor CTs are preferentially located towards the nuclear pe...

Premature chromosome condensation (PCC) was believed to promote nuclear reprogramming and to facilitate cloning by somatic cell nuclear transfer (NT) in mammalian species. However, it is still uncertain whether PCC is necessary for the successful reprogramming of an introduced donor nucleus in cattle. In the present study, fused NT embryos were subjected to immediate activation (IA, simultaneou...

a series of hydroxysemicarbazone derivatives of substituted diaryl ketones and acetophenones were synthesized and their structures were confirmed by analytical and spectroscopic methods including elemental analysis, infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. the derivatives were prepared by a condensation reaction between n-hydroxysemicarbazide and substituted diaryl ketones or aceto...

According to quantum chromodynamics, vacuum is not an empty space, because it filled with quark–antiquark pairs. The pair has the same numbers as and forms a condensate strong interaction of chromodynamics too leave empty. This condensation, chiral condensate, breaks symmetry vacuum. expectation value order parameter symmetry, which expected decrease at high temperatures or matter densities whe...

Programmed cell death (PCD) is a process of organized destruction of cells, essential for the development and maintenance of cellular homeostasis of multicellular organisms. Cells undergoing PCD begin a degenerative process in response to internal or external signals, whereby the nucleus becomes one of the targets. The process of nuclear dismantling includes events affecting the nuclear envelop...

Chromatin condensation during mitosis produces detangled and discrete DNA entities required for high fidelity sister chromatid segregation during mitosis and positions DNA away from the cleavage furrow during cytokinesis. Regional condensation during G1 also establishes a nuclear architecture through which gene transcription is regulated but remains plastic so that cells can respond to changes ...