Highly pathogenic A/H5N1 avian influenza (HPAI H5N1) viruses have seriously affected the Nigerian poultry industry since early 2006. Previous studies have identified multiple introductions of the virus into Nigeria and several reassortment events between cocirculating lineages. To determine the spatial, evolutionary, and population dynamics of the multiple H5N1 lineages cocirculating in Nigeria...

various studies on the national policy on education (npe) have concentrated on the cognitive value of pedagogy and learning of the language aspect but few have viewed its importance on the togetherness of the nation - nigeria. this paper deals with how the language policy can influence and ensure the co-existence of nigeria in achieving self-actualisation, national unity, social, cultural, econ...

BACKGROUND Various forms of sexual violence including: Coerced marriage or wife inheritance, female genital mutilation, forced exposure to pornography, rape by intimate partner or strangers, unwanted sexual advances, and sexual abuse occurs, especially in vulnerable groups. However, most of these cases are not reported. AIM The aim was to review reported cases in the facility, determine the p...

the health sector, a foremost service sector in nigeria, faces a number of challenges; primarily, the persistent under-funding of the health sector by the nigerian government as evidence reveals low allocations to the health sector and poor health system performance which are reflected in key health indices of the country.notwithstanding, there is evidence that the private sector could be a key...

objective: in nigeria the rate of contraceptive use among sexually active adolescents is about 30%, considerably lower than the rates reported for developed countries. this study aimed to determine the knowledge, perception and practice of emergency contraception among female adolescent hawkers in rigasa community, a suburb of kaduna town. materials and methods: a cross sectional descriptive st...

background: sickle cell disease (hbss) is a major health problem in nigeria and ma-laria has been implicated as a leading cause of morbidity/mortality in sickle cell disease patients. few reasons were put forward to explain the observed morbidity/mortality of hbss subjects due to plasmodium falciparum (p. falciparum) malaria. objectives: to determine the level of immunoglobulin classes (igm, ig...

[1] The Big Dry, a recent drought over southeast Australia, began around 1997 and continued until 2011. We show that between 2002–2010, instead of a localized drought, there was a continent-wide reduction in water storage, vegetation and rainfall, spanning the northwest to the southeast of Australia. Trends in water storage and vegetation were assessed using Gravity Recovery and Climate Experim...

background: the impact of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (wrmsds) on functional performance of nigerian welders is unknown. this study investigated the prevalence, pattern and impact of wrmsds on functional efficiency among welders in alimosho local government, lagos state, nigeria.   materials and methods: this cross sectional survey involved 177 welders in a rural-urban area in nigeri...

Determining whether a population is introduced or native to a region can be challenging due to inadequate taxonomy, the presence of cryptic lineages, and poor historical documentation. For taxa with resting stages that bloom episodically, determining origin can be especially challenging as an environmentally-triggered abrupt appearance of the taxa may be confused with an anthropogenic introduct...

BACKGROUND Prelacteal feeding (PLF) is a barrier to exclusive breast feeding. OBJECTIVE To determine factors associated with PLF in rural and urban Nigeria. METHODS We utilized data from the 2013 Nigerian Demographic and Health Survey. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were used to test for association between PLF and related factors. RESULTS Prevalence of PLF in urban Nigeria was 49.8%...