STUDY OBJECTIVES Aspiration pneumonia, a leading cause of death in patients with Parkinson disease (PD), usually occurs at the advanced stages of the disease. We investigated both motor and sensory components of cough and induced-sputum substance P (SP) concentrations in patients with early and advanced stages of PD to assess whether cough efficacy is impaired in PD. SUBJECTS Fifteen female p...

The bactericidal activity of meropenem is determined by the time that concentrations in tissue and serum are above the MIC for the pathogens during the dosing interval. Thus, the most effective mode of administering of meropenem is continuous infusion. However, the stability of meropenem reconstituted in solution is influenced by the storage temperature. Until now we have had no data to evaluat...

OBJECTIVE To describe the current knowledge and indications for use of hypertonic saline solutions in pediatrics patients. SOURCE OF DATA Medline recent review articles and personal files. SUMMARY OF THE FINDINGS Basic physiologic principles were reviewed concerning the distribution of fluid inside the intravascular, interstitial and intracellular compartments. We also reviewed the findings...

Hypertonic saline solutions have properties that may be advantageous for resuscitation. In both animal and human studies rapid improvements in cardiovascular status occur when hypertonic saline is administered to hypovolaemic subjects and the possible side effects of hypertonic solutions have not been shown to be of clinical importance. Hypertonic saline certainly has a potential role in resusc...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the tissue dissolution ability of different irrigating solutions associated or not to ultrasonic agitation. Ninety bovine pulp fragments (n=10 per group) were weighed and then placed individually in Eppendorf test tubes containing the following irrigants: G1- 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl); G2- 2.5% NaOCl + ultrasonic agitation (US); G3- 2.5% NaOCl + 0.2%...

PURPOSE To evaluate the effects of hypertonic saline solution associated to remote ischemic perconditioning in liver ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats. METHODS 25 male rats (Wistar) were distributed into five groups: Sham group (S); Ischemia/Reperfusion group (I/R) with 30 minutes of liver ischemia; Remote ischemic perconditioning group (Per) with three cycles of 10 minutes of I/R performed...

BACKGROUND Current clinical treatment methods for refractory intracranial hypertension include elevation of the decubitus, ventilation adjustment, and use of hypertonic solutions such as hypertonic saline and mannitol solutions. Previous studies have shown that hypertonic solutions are particularly effective. Although several concentrations of saline solution have been proposed, a 3% solution i...

Hypertonic saline solutions have properties that may be advantageous for resuscitation. In both animal and human studies rapid improvements in cardiovascular status occur when hypertonic saline is administered to hypovolaemic subjects and the possible side effects of hypertonic solutions have not been shown to be of clinical importance. Hypertonic saline certainly has a potential role in resusc...

The efficacy of three hypertonic saline solutions for treating dialysis-induced hypotension in a randomized, blinded, crossover clinical trial of 10 patients (a minimum of three cycles per solution) was compared. Dialysis-induced hypotension, defined as a decrease in systolic blood pressure of at least 10 mm Hg or systolic blood pressure less than 100 mm Hg, was treated with an iv bolus of eith...