Transesophageal echocardiography was first described and used to monitor cardiac function in 1976. Initially adopted by cardiac anesthesiologists and cardiologists, it has gained acceptance as an important diagnostic tool in the monitoring and assessment of cardiac status in the critically ill and trauma patient population. Comparative data suggest that transesophageal echocardiography provides...

Progesterone is an important reproductive hormone and measurement of its level by repeated blood samplings is beneficial to monitoring of estrus cycle. However, since toy poodles have a small body size and thin-walled blood vessels, repeated blood samplings cause stress and affect their preparation for mating or artificial insemination (AI). Therefore, a noninvasive method for monitoring proges...

Lu, Zhenwei, and Ramakrishna Mukkamala. Continuous cardiac output monitoring in humans by invasive and noninvasive peripheral blood pressure waveform analysis. J Appl Physiol 101: 598–608, 2006; doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.01488.2005.—We present an evaluation of a novel technique for continuous (i.e., automatic) monitoring of relative cardiac output (CO) changes by long time interval analysis of a...

BACKGROUND Subtle changes in monitored physiological signals might be used to guide clinical actions and give early warning of potential adverse events. Automated early warning systems could enhance the clinician's interpretation of data by instantaneously processing new information and presenting it within the context of previous observations. In this study, we tested algorithms for tracking t...