The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare athlete and non-athlete students’ tendency to drug use. 240 undergraduate students of University of Kurdistan with ages ranging from 19 to 23 years who had the experience of regular exercise (n = 120) and non-athlete ones (n = 120) were selected as the sample. Relapse Prediction Scale (RPS) was used for data collection. To analyze data, de...

objective: this study aimed to provide a normative study documenting how 114 five-seven year-old non-‎patient iranian children respond to the rorschach test. we compared this especial sample to ‎international normative reference values for the comprehensive system (cs).‎ method: one hundred fourteen 5- 7- year-old non-patient iranian children were recruited from public ‎schools. using five chil...

The unsteady increase in using pharmaceutical opioids is a phenomenon that has existed in human societies for a long time. Furthermore, the ever-growing trend of addiction to opioids affects communities in various economic, social, and cultural aspects. Since abusing pharmaceutical opioids is a complex dynamic problem, it is extremely difficult to recognize the factors influencing this abuse. T...

The unsteady increase in using pharmaceutical opioids is a phenomenon that has existed in human societies for a long time. Furthermore, the ever-growing trend of addiction to opioids affects communities in various economic, social, and cultural aspects. Since abusing pharmaceutical opioids is a complex dynamic problem, it is extremely difficult to recognize the factors influencing this abuse. T...

Among the hyphomycetous endoparasites destructive to eelworms that abound in slowly decaying plant materials, as well as in agar plate cultures earlier inoculated with partly decomposed vegetable detritus, Harposporium anguillulae Lohde emend. Zopf (1888) is observed much more frequently than allied forms. In seeking an explanation for this more frequent occurrence it would seem highly signific...

This paper describes a physiologically based toxicokinetic model for 1,3-butadiene uptake, distribution, and metabolic clearance in mice. Model parameters for metabolic activity were estimated from the correspondence between computer simulation studies and experimental results as published in the literature. The parameterized model was validated with independent literature data. With the result...

In 1998, the Florida Department of Health undertook a self-administered school-based survey of tobacco use, attitudes, and behaviors among nearly 23,000 public school students in grades 6-12. The survey design did not use skip patterns; therefore, students had multiple opportunities to contradict themselves. By using examples from the high school portion (grades 9-12) of the survey, the authors...