Why should Law need automated proof systems? The answer to this question implies an answer to the following question: Is logic needed in Law? In fact it has been argued that logics are useless for Law (see, for example, Kelsen 1989). We believe that logic, and deontic logics in particular — but also modal logics — have a role to play in Law; for example if one wants to study what the relationsh...

Nanosized gold particles were functionalised with two types of paramagnetic surface tags, one having a nitroxide radical and the other one carrying a DTPA complex loaded with Gd(3+). Selective measurements of nitroxide-nitroxide, Gd(3+)-nitroxide and Gd(3+)-Gd(3+) distances were performed on this system and information on the distance distribution in the three types of spin pairs was obtained. ...

This paper reported extensive study and research proposal of Post simulation and behavioral modeling of Second Order sigma-delta modulator BIST technique in which include non-ideality factor such as offset error and clock jitters. For the test of the digital parts, BIST techniques have been developed and are broadly implemented in current chips. BIST technique not only avoids depending on the o...

In this work, we present new topologies for realizing one lossless grounded inductor and two floating, one lossless and one lossy, inductors employing a single differential difference current conveyor (DDCC) and a minimum number of passive components, two resistors, and one grounded capacitor. The floating inductors are based on ordinary dual-output differential difference current conveyor (DO-...

Using the retrodictive approach of quantum physics, we show that the state retrodicted from the response of a measurement apparatus is a convenient tool to fully characterize its quantum properties. We translate in terms of this state some interesting aspects of the quantum behavior of a detector, such as the nonclassicality or the non-gaussian character of its measurements. We also introduce e...

The present work reports a detailed electro-analytical framework for studying commercially available mono-crystalline silicon solar cells under varying illumination conditions to explore their application in the up-and-coming field of low concentration photovoltaics (LCPVs). The effect of low concentration illumination (>1-12 suns) on performance indicating parameters, i.e., short circuit curre...

We study hydrogen plasmas at magnetic fields B ∼ 10 − 10 G, densities ρ ∼ 10 − 10 g cm and temperatures T ∼ 10−10 K, typical of photospheres of middle-aged cooling neutron stars. We construct an analytical free energy model of the partially ionized plasma, including into consideration the decentred atomic states, which arise due to the thermal motion across the strong field. We show that these ...

In this work classical and modern control theory methods are applied for rigorous mathematical analysis and design of different computer architecture circuits such as clock generators, synchronization systems and others. The present work is devoted to the questions of analysis and synthesis of feedback systems, in which there are controllable delay lines. In the work it is mathematically strict...

Modeling of solar cell is a very difficult task. This is because of the non linear behavior of the cell. Different types of modeling for solar cells are available in the literature. The theme of the modeling is based on the solar radiation and temperature of the system and environment. Determination of cell parameters like Iph, Is, Rs ,Rsh and ideality factor generally affects the performance o...