Iterative maximum-likelihood expectation maximization and ordered-subset expectation maximization algorithms are excellent for image reconstruction and usually provide better images than filtered backprojection (FBP). Recently, an FBP algorithm able to incorporate noise weighting during reconstruction was developed. This paper compares the performance of the noise-weighted FBP algorithm and the...

INTRODUCTION Data analysis in MRI is sophisticated and can be thought of as a “pipeline” of closely connected processing and modeling steps. Because noise in MRI data affects all subsequent steps in this pipeline, e.g., from noise reduction and image registration to parametric tensor estimation [1] and uncertainty assessment [2], accurate noise assessment has an important role in MRI studies. N...

A noise-assisted approach in conjunction with multivariate empirical mode decomposition (MEMD) algorithm is proposed for the computation of empirical mode decomposition (EMD), in order to produce localized frequency estimates at the accuracy level of instantaneous frequency. Despite many advantages of EMD, such as its data driven nature, a compact decomposition, and its inherent ability to proc...

The main objective of this article is to develop a nonstandard partial differential equation-based anisotropic diffusion model for efficient edge-preserving denoising for speckle noised images. The standard total variation (TV)-based energy functional is not based on the multiplicative-ness of speckle noise which is inappropriate for a speckle noise removal. Moreover, TV-based models can easily...

background the learning environment dramatically affects the learning outcomes of students. noise, inappropriate temperature, insufficient light, overcrowded classes, misplaced boards and inappropriate classroom layout all make up factors that could be confounding variables distracting students in class. this study was conducted to examine the effect of noise in educational institutions on the ...

Background: This study aimed to measure the sound level and assess the association between noise annoyance and general health in Iranian nurses at Tabriz Pediatric Hospital in neonatal, infectious, internal, NICU, and emergency care wards. Materials and Methods: The noise level was measured continuously according to ISO9612. The general health questionnaire-28, the noise annoyance scale based ...

This paper addresses signal norm testing (SNT), that is, the problem of deciding whether a random signal norm exceeds some specified value τ > 0 or not, when the signal has unknown probability distribution and is observed in additive and independent standard Gaussian noise. The theoretical framework proposed for SNT extends usual notions in statistical inference and introduces a new optimality ...

The random noise test of analog to digital converters recommended by the IEEE 1057 Standard for digitizing waveform recorders is studied. The heuristically derived expression presented for the estimation of the random noise standard deviation is experimentally validated. The standard suggests a triangular stimulus signal. Here we will show how to use a sinusoidal stimulus signal to carry out th...

Low noise amplifier is the front end block of radio-frequency receiver system. Its design required various characteristics such as power gain, noise figure, insertion losses and power consumption. In this paper we have proposed a single stage low noise amplifier design with high gain and low noise using inductive source degeneration topology for frequency range of 3 GHz to 7 GHz and also use th...