This thesis investigates the application of marginal cost based spot pricing techniques to the short run coordination of decentralised, and potentially competitive, electricity markets. A Dispatch Based Pricing philosophy is proposed which requires that the dispatcher of a power system determine spot prices which are consistent with both the observed power system dispatch and the offers and bid...

Marginal zone lymphomas are indolent B-cell lymphomas that originate from the marginal zone of B-cell follicles. For several subtypes, the initiation of disease appears to be a consequence of chronic infection and/ or inflammation. While the initial lymphoid hyperplasia is driven by physiologic antigenic stimulation, additional oncogenic events, such as chromosomal translocations leading to con...

Airport congestion pricing has often been advocated as a means of controlling demand for airport operations and for achieving efficient resource allocation. Competition between airlines affects the extent to which an airline would be willing to pay for airport slots. Accurate modeling of competition is critical in order to determine the effectiveness of a congestion pricing mechanism. We develo...

Network Pricing Optimization is formulated first as a Network Design Problem where the design variables are tolls, the objective function is the Social Surplus and the equilibrium constraint is any current multi-user multimodal stochastic traffic assignment model with elastic demand up to trip generation and asymmetric arc cost function Jacobian. Network Pricing Optimization is then formulated ...

The influence of firms’ ability to employ individualized pricing on the welfare consequences of horizontal mergers is examined in location models. In a two-to-one merger, the merger reduces consumer surplus more when firms can price discriminate based on individual preferences compared to when they cannot. However, the opposite holds true in a three-to-two merger, in which the reduction in cons...

1 Public policy development for electricity restructuring emphasizes institutions for market operations in network systems. The different models present alternatives for the mix of responsibilities of the necessary system operator. Customer flexibility and choice require efficient pricing; inefficient pricing necessarily limits market flexibility. The analysis points to an integrated independen...

With effect of consumer factor considered, a model for dynamic pricing of perishable products is proposed. By this model, we obtained a property of the value function: marginal value is a decreasing function of the capacity and an increasing function of the consumer factor. Basing on this property, we proposed the following pricing strategy: according to the regions that the perishable products...

The National Electricity Market is the centerpiece of the Australian restructured electricity industry. It is a spot market in which prices are determined on a five-minute basis but half-hour averages are used for commercial transactions. The five-minute prices are broadcast to participants so that the can respond while the prices are still avoidable. An approximate form of nodal pricing is

This paper investigates the dimension requirements of informationally decentralized Paretosatisfactory processes in production economies with increasing returns to scale or more general types of non-convexities. We show that the marginal cost pricing (MCP) mechanism is informationally efficient over the class of non-convex production economies where MCP equilibrium allocations are Pareto effici...

This paper considers the second-best policy problem that arises when auto travel is priced below its marginal cost and there is a substitute mass transit mode. Using analytical methods, a global comparison is made between the second-best levels of transit service and the fare and their first-best levels. The fact that the results are global permits an application to road pricing not possible wi...