In-vitro labeling of RBC with 99mTc is an intricate procedure and there is always a need foran alternate blood pool imaging agent. The aim of this study was to prepare an effective nanosized liposome (NLs) similar to human RBC for blood pool scintigraphy. This study formulatesPEG-NLs and non-PEG-NLs using film method plus high pressure homogenization technique.Biodistribution studies were perfo...

We consider the derivation of defocusing cubic nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLS) on $${\mathbb {R}}^{3}$$ from quantum N-body dynamics. reformat hierarchy approach with Klainerman-Machedon theory and prove a bi-scattering theorem for NLS to obtain convergence rate estimates under $$H^{1}$$ regularity. The estimate we is almost optimal datum, immediately improves if have any extra regularity ...

The nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) equation is an ideal model for describing optical soliton transmission. This paper first introduces integer-order generalized coupled NLS solitons in birefringence fibers. Secondly, the semi-inverse and fractional variational method used to extend integer?order space–time order. Moreover, various forms of equations are discussed, including Kerr, power, parabolic,...

Here f(u) = λ ( V ∗|u|2 ) u, V (x) = |x|−γ , 0 < γ < d, and ∗ denotes the convolution in Rd. If λ > 0, we call the equation (1.1) defocusing; if λ < 0, we call it focusing. This equation describes the mean-field limit of many-body quantum systems; see, e.g., [6], [7] and [36]. An essential feature of Hartree equation is that the convolution kernel V (x) still retains the fine structure of micro...

Adaptive wave model for financial option pricing is proposed, as a high-complexity alternative to the standard Black-Scholes model. The new option-pricing model, representing a controlled Brownian motion, includes two wave-type approaches: nonlinear and quantum, both based on (adaptive form of) the Schrödinger equation. The nonlinear approach comes in two flavors: for the case of constant volat...

We establish the semiclassical limit of the one-dimensional defocusing cubic nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) equation. Complete integrability is exploited to obtain a global characterization of the weak limits of the entire NLS hierarchy of conserved densities as the field evolves from reflectionless initial data under all the associated commuting flows. Consequently, this also establishes the zero...

Starting with the general description of a moving curve, we have recently presented a unified formalism to show that three distinct space curve evolutions can be identified with a given integrable equation. Applying this to the nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLS), we find three sets of coupled equations for the evolution of the curvature and the torsion, one set for each moving curve. The firs...

Abstract In this work, we apply the $$\overline{\partial }$$ ∂ ¯ -dressing method to study mixed Chen–Lee–Liu derivative nonlinear Schrödinger equation (CLL–NLS) with non-normalization boundary conditions. The spatial and time spectral problems associate CLL–NLS which...