RATIONALE Abnormalities in nitric oxide signaling play a pivotal role in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Intravenous sodium nitrite, which is converted to nitric oxide in vivo, improves hemodynamics in HFpEF, but its use is limited by the need for parenteral administration. Nitrite can also be administered using a novel, portable micronebulizer system suitable for chroni...

The reduction of nitrite to nitric oxide has been shown to require DPN or TPN, FAD or FMN,’ copper, and iron as electron carriers. This was determined by the stimulation of nitrite disappearance as well as by increased nitric oxide formation. Evidence was also presented indicating that the reduction of NO to Nz was stimulated by the same cofactors. The evidence was based on the stimulation of N...

This study was designed to assess the production of nitric oxide (NO) by neutrophils in bronchial asthma. Thirty asthmatic patients (ten each of mild, moderate and severe asthma) and ten healthy controls were included in the study. Neutrophils from peripheral venous blood were stimulated with latex, and production of nitrite (an NO metabolise) and L-citrulline (a co-product of NO) was studied. ...

Arginine can be metabolized in wounds to nitric oxide and citrulline by nitric oxide synthase or to urea and ornithine by arginase. We investigated the expression of these arginine metabolic pathways over a 3-week period. Groups of 8-10 male Balb/C mice underwent a dorsal skin incision and subcutaneous polyvinyl alcohol sponge implantation. The animals were sacrificed at various times, and spon...

BACKGROUND Betaine, beetroot juice, and supplemental nitrate have recently been reported to improve certain aspects of exercise performance, which may be mechanistically linked to increased nitric oxide. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of betaine supplementation on plasma nitrate/nitrite, a surrogate marker or nitric oxide, in exercise-trained men. METHODS We us...

OBJECTIVE We have attempted to demonstrate the induction of inducible nitric oxide synthase in human vascular tissue and define the capacity of different cytokines to induce this enzyme. METHODS Segments of human arteries were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (10 micrograms/ml), interleukin-1 beta (5 U/ml), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (10 U/ml), and interferon-gamma (200 U/ml). Cytokines we...

BACKGROUND Seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR) is characterised by an inflammation consequent to allergen exposure. Nitric oxide may be involved in allergic inflammation. OBJECTIVE This study evaluated the serum nitrite concentrations in SAR patients during and outside pollen exposure in order to estimate activity of nitric oxide synthases. METHODS One hundred and two (56 females, 46 males, me...

We have reported that pharmacological doses of oral nitrite increase circulating nitric oxide (NO) and exert hypotensive effects in Nomega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME)-induced hypertensive rats. In this study, we examined the effect of a chronic dietary dose of nitrite on the hypertension and renal damage induced by chronic L-NAME administration in rats. The animals were administered ...

The denitrifying fungus Cylindrocarpon tonkinense was thought to be able to denitrify only nitrite (NO2-) but not nitrate (NO3-) to form nitrous oxide (N2O). Here we found, however, that C. tonkinense can denitrify NO3- under certain conditions. Presence of ammonium (NH3+) in addition to NO3- and the use of a fermentable sugar as an electron donor were key conditions for inducing the denitrifyi...

Introduction: The angiotensin 1-7 (Ang1-7) Mas receptor (MasR) axis, bradykinin (BK) and female sex hormone are involved in releasing of vasodilatory biomarkers including Nitric Oxide (NO). We examined the role of MasR and BK on NO metabolite (nitrite) production response to Ang 1-7 infusion in ovariectomized rats treated with estradiol. Methods: A total of 48 female Wistar rats were divided i...