Using an in vitro model in which flatmounts of oesophagus was periodically exposed to bile acids, we demonstrate, using multiple methods, that the bile acid receptor TGR5, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and γ-histone family 2A variant (γ-H2AX) are up-regulated. This indicates that bile acids cause up-regulation of iNOS, which further causes genotoxic stress as evidenced by increase of t...

Aim. In routine histopathology, decalcification is an essential step for mineralized tissues. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of different decalcification solutions on the morphological and antigenicity preservation in Sprague Dawley (SD) rat femurs. Materials and Methods. Four different decalcification solutions were employed to remove the mineral substances from rat femur...

The extraction equilibrium of indium(III) from a nitric acid solution using di(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) as an acidic extractant of organophosphorus compounds dissolved in kerosene was studied. By graphical and numerical analysis, the compositions of indium-D2EHPA complexes in organic phase and stoichiometry of the extraction reaction were examined. Nitric acid solutions with vario...