To solve the problem of delivering pharmacologically promising 3ʹ,5ʹ-cyclic diadenosine monophosphate (cyclo-diAMP) to target cells in humans and animals, complexes above-mentioned dinucleotide with natural polymer – chitosan were originally synthesized by ionotropic gelation technique. It was found that binding degree cyclo-diAMP this biopolymeric carrier reaches 60 %; wherein capacity obtaine...

Administration of a single dose of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) (6 mg/kg) to Sprague-Dawley rats results in a high level of modification of hepatic mitochondrial DNA (2.1 nmol of AFB1 adducts per mumol DNA-phosphate) and long-term inhibition of mitochondrial transcription and translation activities (N. Bhat et al., Cancer Res., 42: 1876-1880, 1982). Similar doses of AFB1 given to ICR mice and Syrian gol...

Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) is a key precursor of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and an important source cellular energy. It can prevent neuronal mitochondrial defects alleviate heart fibrosis. Strategies to improve NMN production have implications for human health. Through plasmid expression technology CRISPR/Cas9 technology, we engineered Escherichia coli efficient production. First,...

Chain breakage in DMA induced by bleomycin A (BLM) was enhanced more than 150-fold by the reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-dependent elec tron transport system of rat liver microsomes. However, the enhancement effect on DMA was partially reduced by the preincubation of BLM with the microsomal systems. BLM-Cu2' was found to stimulate considerably micro somal reduced nicotinami...

Many biological assays have as their basis a link to the oxidative status of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) or nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP). Many dehydrogenase enzymes use these coenzymes to transfer hydrogen groups between molecules. Because the reduced forms of these molecules differ from the oxidized forms in their ability to absorb light, it is possible to qua...

Diatoms are a widespread and ecologically important group of heterokont algae that contribute c. 20% to global productivity. Previous work has shown that regulation of their key Calvin cycle enzymes differs from that of the Plantae, and that in crude extracts, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) can be inhibited by nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate reduced (NADPH) under o...