The molecular structures of the surface overlayers of rhenium(VI1) oxide, molybdenum(V1) oxide, tungsten(V1) oxide, chromium(V1) oxide, vanadium(V) oxide, niobium(V) oxide, and titanium( IV) oxide on y-alumina were determined by in situ Raman spectroscopy under dehydrated conditions. It was found that the dehydrated surface metal oxide structures of all the systems under study, except for suppo...

Concentrations of manganese, considerably in excess of the quantity required for normal vegetative growth, are needed by Bacillus for (i) synthesis of such secondary metabolites and structures as antibiotics, D-glutamyl peptide, endospores, bacteriophage, and protective antigen; and (ii) longevity of vegetative cell cultures. No other biologically active element can substitute for manganese, an...

The importance of friction and wear control cannot be over emphasized for economic reasons and longterm reliability. The savings can be substantial, and these savings can be obtained without the deployment of investment. Tribology is crucial to modern machinery which uses sliding and rolling surfaces. This article describes the tribological behavior analysis for the conventional materials i.e. ...

the effective removal of dyes from aqueous wastewaters is among the most important issues formany industrialized countries. removal of congo red (cr) dye from aqueous solutions was studiedusing nickel oxide nanoparticles. the operating variables studied were initial ph of solution,adsorbents dosage, temperature and contact time. the morphological information of nickel oxidenanoparticles were ch...

The conversion of acetic acid to methane and carbon dioxide by a mixed methanogenic population from an anaerobic fixed-film digestor was stimulated by the addition of nickel (100 nM) and cobalt (50 nM) and especially by the addition of these elements in combination. Molybdenum addition (50 nM) was only slightly stimulatory when added in combination with both nickel and cobalt. The addition of t...

Stainless steel reinforcing has an elevated chloride threshold and is an attractive alternative for prestressed concrete applications. However, due to the high strength requirements for prestressing strands, concern exists about the possibility of stress corrosion cracking (SCC). This investigation screened for potential SCC development three candidate high strength alloys for use as prestresse...

Bioinvasions are a major cause of biodiversity and ecosystem changes. The rapid range expansion of the invasive quagga mussel (Dreissena rostriformis bugensis) causing a dominance shift from zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) to quagga mussels, may alter the risk of secondary poisoning to predators. Mussel samples were collected from various water bodies in the Netherlands, divided into size ...

Laser ablation of Nickel, Copper, Molybdenum, Indium, Tungsten and Gold by short ultraviolet laser pulses (0.5 ps, 248 nm) in vacuum is reported for the first time. For Nickel and Indium, ablation is also studied in air to demonstrate the influence of the ambient atmosphere. Metal ablation in air is significantly less efficient than in vacuum due to redeposition of ablated material. The ablatio...