BACKGROUND Evidence for protection of preterm born infants from invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) by 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccination (PCV7) is relatively sparse. Data from randomized trials is based on relatively small numbers of preterm born children. METHODS We report data from active prospective surveillance of IPD in children in Germany. The cohorts of preterm born children ...

AIM The aim of this study was to investigate differences in mortality up to 1 year of age in extremely preterm infants (before 27 weeks) born in seven Swedish healthcare regions. METHODS National prospective observational study of consecutively born, extremely preterm infants in Sweden 2004-2007. Mortality was compared between regions. Crude and adjusted odds ratios and 95% CI were calculated...

OBJECTIVES Stress systems may be altered in the long term in preterm infants for multiple reasons, including early exposure to procedural pain in neonatal intensive care. This question has received little attention beyond hospital discharge. Stress responses (cortisol) to visual novelty in preterm infants who were born at extremely low gestational age (ELGA; < or =28 weeks), very low gestationa...

BACKGROUND In rural Gambians, the season of birth strongly predicts adult mortality. Those born during the harvest season have longer life spans than do those born during the hungry season, and the deaths associated with infectious diseases suggest permanent early-life influences on immunity. Thymic measurements showed significantly smaller thymuses in infants born during the hungry season than...

conclusions by preventing unnecessary termination of pregnancy and keeping fit, the chances of lbw can be reduced. background lbw rate is one of the most important health indices in every society. it reveals mothers and their new-born infants' health. objectives our aim, in the present paper, was to present a new statistical framework for analysis based on path analysis techniques. patients and...

IN 1889 the first edition of this world famous textbook on tropical diseases by Sir Patrick Manson was published. The fact that this book has now reached its sixteenth edition is testimony to its continued popularity. The first five editions were the work of the original author but the last ten have been by the present author who has clearly left the imprint not only of his editorship but also ...

Railarii, F. J. & Oli\cr, I . ‘T. (196;). Biochim. biophp. ilctcr 71. 578. Ballard, F. J. PC Olivcr, I. 7’. (1965). B i r i c 2 e ~ z . J . 95, 191. Iiertoii, 1). & Segal, S. (1966). J . biol. C11cm. 241, 4023. Cahilf, C,. F. Jr S: Ouen, 0. E. (1968). In Ciivboizydmre Mefabolisnz and Ztts Disorders. Vol. I , p. 497. e anti W. J. Whclan, editors.] I,ondon and New York: ZZcadetnic Prcss Inc. K. T...

Introduction: Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is one of the most common preventable causes of mental retardation. Its worldwide incidence is estimated to be one in 2500-5500 births. Assessment of thyroid gland in neonates is critical. The aims of this study were to demonstrate the incidence of CH in neonates born in Yazd province, Iran in 1389 (2010) and compare the results with other reported s...

Approximately 13% of births in the United States are preterm, defined as occurring before 37 weeks of gestation. This results in more than 540,000 infants a year born prematurely. In other words, one out of every 8 infants is born premature. Even more disturbing is that despite advances in neonatal and perinatal medicine, the incidence of prematurity has increased by 36% since the 1980’s. Over ...

1. C l i n i c a l m a t e r i a l . The study was performed in 12 primigravidas, with uncomplicated pregnancies in which labor started spontaneously at term. Membranes ruptured spontaneously after cervical dilatation had progressed beyond 6 cm, usually with füll cervical dilatation (1). The fetus was single, in cephalic presentation. Cephalo-pelvic disproportion was discarded. All the newly bo...