BACKGROUND A prerequisite for an effective innate immunity is the migrative ability of neutrophils to respond to inflammatory and infectious agents such as the intermediate interleukin (IL)-8 and the end-target formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) chemoattractants. The aim was to study the chemotactic capacity of neutrophils from newborn infants and adults in response to IL-8 and the ba...

Recent studies have demonstrated that neutrophils are not a homogenous population of cells. Here, we have identified a subset of human neutrophils with a distinct profile of cell-surface receptors [CD54(high), CXC chemokine receptor 1(low) (CXCR1(low))], which represent cells that have migrated through an endothelial monolayer and then re-emerged by reverse transmigration (RT). RT neutrophils, ...

The suppressor of cytokine signaling-3 (SOCS3/CIS3) has been shown to be an important negative regulator of cytokines, especially cytokines that activate STAT3. To examine the role of SOCS3 in neutrophils and the granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) signaling in vivo, we compared neutrophils from two types of conditional knockout mice, LysM-Cre:SOCS3(fl/fl) mice and Tie2-Cre:SOCS3(fl/f...

Klebsiella pneumoniae serotype K1 is a major cause of invasive syndrome defined by liver abscess with metastatic infections at other body sites. This culprit is known to be resistant to neutrophil phagocytosis and bactericidal activity. We hypothesized that K. pneumoniae serotype K1 might regulate neutrophil apoptosis and enhance the survival of the infected neutrophils that might serve as a ve...

The number of neutrophils in the blood and tissues is controlled by constitutive apoptotic programmed cell death and clearance by phagocytes such as macrophages. Here, we found that calpains cleave the X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP) in vitro, producing fragments that are unable to inhibit caspase-3. These fragments were detected in normal neutrophils but were unstable and rapidly degrad...

Human neutrophils, activated by phorbol-myristate acetate (PMA). (A-neutrophils), were found to suppress lymphocytic killer (K) cell-mediated antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). Resting (R) neutrophils, ie, PMAuntreated cells, were completely ineffective. Suppression was optimal when A-neutrophils were added at the beginning of the ADCC assay. Furthermore, A-neutrophils were found ...

The O2- production by neutrophils was examined in 4 cases of refractory anemia with excess of blasts (RAEB) in order to evaluate the possible causes of enhanced susceptibility to infection and to gain some informations on the differentiation of neutrophils in this hematological disorder. In three of the four RAEB cases there was little O2- production by neutrophils, in addition to there being m...

Neutrophils are the most abundant innate immune cells, making up 50%–70% of all leukocytes. Neutrophils are the “first responders” of host defense, preventing infections by deploying sophisticated antimicrobial strategies acting in concert. As neutrophils are short-living cells, they are continuously produced and released from the bone marrow in abundance (>10 per day). Circulating neutrophils ...

The neutrophil respiratory burst, which is essential for the host's ability to kill microorganisms, can be stimulated by some natural agents. Olea europaea (Oleaceae) is used as anti hypertensive, hyperglycemia, and hypercholestremia in traditional medicine. Here in this study, we evaluate the stimulatory effect of olive oil extract on oxidative burst in human neutrophils in vitro. Buffy coat w...

Neutrophils and eosinophils are granulocytes which characterized by the presence of granules in cytoplasm. Granules provide a safe storage site for granule proteins that play important roles immune function granulocytes. Upon activation, diverse released from into extracellular space contribute to fight against infections. In this article, we describe both neutrophils able kill pathogens review...