Tonic inhibition is thought to dampen the excitability of principal neurons; however, little is known about the role of tonic GABAergic inhibition in interneurons and the impact on principal neuron excitability. In many brain regions, tonic GABAergic inhibition is mediated by extrasynaptic, δ-subunit-containing GABAA receptors (GABAARs). In the present study we demonstrate the importance of GAB...

Neuronal or axonal ion channel function can be impaired or altered in a number of disorders, such as acquired (autoantibody-mediated, toxic, and metabolic) and genetic channelopathies, and even neurodegenerative (motor neuron disease) or inflammatory diseases (multiple sclerosis, immune-mediated neuropathies). When specific channels are affected, axonal/neuronal excitability primarily alters ac...

Fear extinction correlates with increased infralimbic (IL) neuronal excitability. Since small conductance Ca(2+)-dependent K(+) (SK) channels modulate neuronal excitability and certain types of learning and memory, pharmacological modulation of SK channels could be used to regulate IL excitability and fear extinction. To test this, we first determined the effect of blocking SK channels with apa...

Objective: To investigate the importance of membrane charge oscillations and redistribution in multi-compartmental ultrasonic neuromodulation (UNMOD) intramembrane cavitation models. Methods: The Neuronal Intramembrane Cavitation Excitation (NICE) model multiScale Optimized (SONIC) UNMOD are compared for a nanoscale point neuron approximation bilayer sonophore surrounding proteins. temporal dyn...

This paper applies the classical prediction error method (PEM) to estimation of nonlinear discrete-time models neuronal systems subject input-additive noise. While system exhibits excitability, bifurcations, and limit-cycle oscillations, we prove consistency parameter procedure under output feedback. Hence, this provides a rigorous framework for application conventional identification methods s...

Gut microbiota and its metabolite tryptophan play an important role in regulating neurotransmission, immune homeostasis oxidative stress which are critical for brain development. The kynurenine pathway is the main route of catabolism. Kynurenine metabolites regulate many biological processes including host-microbiome communication, immunity stress, as well neuronal excitability. accumulation pr...